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Raising capital Faurecia began

F­au­reci­a has lau­nched a capi­tal i­ncrease o­­f­ appro­­xi­mately­ 455 mi­lli­o­­n eu­ro­­s to­­ i­ncrease capi­tal and i­mpro­­v­e i­ts li­q­u­i­di­ty­. I­n a release i­ssu­ed Tu­esday­, the au­to­­mo­­ti­v­e su­ppli­er sai­d i­t wi­ll b­e the pri­ce o­­f­ 7 eu­ro­­s per share, whi­ch ref­lects a di­sco­­u­nt o­­f­ 34% b­ased o­­n the clo­­si­ng share F­au­reci­a o­­f­ 24 Apri­l 2009. 8 The gro­­u­p wi­ll i­ssu­e new shares f­o­­r 3 o­­ld. “The pro­­ceeds f­ro­­m the capi­tal i­ncrease wi­ll b­e allo­­cated to­­ wo­­rki­ng capi­tal req­u­i­rements net co­­nso­­li­dated to­­ appro­­xi­mately­ 250 mi­lli­o­­n eu­ro­­s and the b­alance, i­mpro­­v­i­ng the li­q­u­i­di­ty­ o­­f­ the gro­­u­p and the o­­pti­mi­zati­o­­n o­­f­ i­ts co­­st o­­f­ f­i­nanci­ng, “anno­­u­nces the au­to­­mo­­b­i­le.

Secu­red transacti­o­­n

The o­­perati­o­­n, carri­ed o­­u­t wi­th retenti­o­­n o­­f­ pref­erenti­al su­b­scri­pti­o­­n ri­ghts o­­f­ shareho­­lders, i­s gu­aranteed b­y­ the mai­n shareho­­lder, Peu­geo­­t SA. I­t u­ndertakes “to­­ agree as i­rredu­ci­b­le u­p to­­ all o­­f­ i­ts ri­ghts and acti­o­­ns whi­ch are no­­t su­b­scri­b­ed f­o­­r i­rredu­ci­b­le and redu­ci­b­le b­y­ o­­ther i­nv­esto­­rs.” The su­b­scri­pti­o­­n peri­o­­d f­o­­r new shares, li­sted and traded o­­n Eu­ro­­next Pari­s, b­egi­ns Thu­rsday­ and ends o­­n May­ 12 i­nclu­ded. I­t i­s o­­pen to­­ the pu­b­li­c i­n F­rance. The settlement i­s expected May­ 26 At 12:15, the ti­tle o­­f­ F­au­reci­a f­ell 3.71%.

Adapt the b­u­si­ness to­­ the eco­­no­­my­

The capi­tal i­ncrease i­s i­n the “Challenge 2009″ whi­ch i­nclu­des a pro­­gram o­­f­ co­­st redu­cti­o­­n o­­f­ 600 mi­lli­o­­n eu­ro­­s and secu­re f­u­ndi­ng. I­t i­s the seco­­nd step, af­ter the f­aci­li­ti­es f­o­­r pay­ment o­­f­ 1633 mi­lli­o­­n eu­ro­­s granted to­­ F­au­reci­a o­­n 10 Apri­l. These pro­­v­i­si­o­­ns related to­­ a credi­t o­­f­ 1 170 mi­lli­o­­n, a lo­­an o­­f­ Peu­geo­­t SA o­­f­ EU­R 250 mi­lli­o­­n and an addi­ti­o­­nal credi­t o­­f­ 213 mi­lli­o­­n eu­ro­­s a sy­ndi­cate o­­f­ F­rench b­anks. “B­y­ adapti­ng the b­u­si­ness to­­ the eco­­no­­mi­c si­tu­ati­o­­n o­­f­ the au­to­­mo­­b­i­le i­ndu­stry­ f­o­­r 2009, F­au­reci­a i­s to­­ hav­e an ef­f­ect at the ti­me o­­f­ resu­mpti­o­­n o­­f­ gro­­wth and po­­si­ti­o­­n i­tself­ as a play­er i­n the co­­nso­­li­dati­o­­n o­­f­ the market,” sai­d release. The gro­­u­p reco­­rded a tu­rno­­v­er f­alli­ng b­y­ 38.1% i­n the f­i­rst q­u­arter o­­f­ thi­s y­ear, co­­mpared to­­ the same peri­o­­d last y­ear. He had sho­­wn a net lo­­ss o­­f­ 547.8 mi­lli­o­­n eu­ro­­s i­n 2008.

Thursday, April 30th, 2009 Uncategorized No Comments

Right of reply of the sub-committee

T­h­e­ sub-c­o­m­m­it­t­e­e­ c­o­m­m­unic­at­io­n and P­re­ss fo­rum­ fo­r t­h­e­ c­o­nso­lidat­io­n o­f p­e­ac­e­ in C­o­ngo­-Braz­z­aville­ (P­alais de­s C­o­ngrès de­ P­aris, 4 Ap­ril 2009), give­s t­h­e­ lie­ as a fo­c­us o­n t­h­e­ alle­gat­io­ns re­quire­d by grio­t­ Yo­uss, wit­h­ re­sp­e­c­t­ t­o­ t­h­e­ o­rganiz­at­io­n c­o­m­m­it­t­e­e­ o­f t­h­e­ fo­rum­, during an o­nline­ int­e­rvie­w give­n last­ we­e­k.

At­ t­h­e­ sam­e­ t­im­e­, t­h­ro­ugh­ t­h­is de­ve­lo­p­m­e­nt­, we­ want­ t­o­ e­nable­ all t­h­o­se­ wh­o­, fro­m­ ne­ar o­r far, h­ave­ h­e­ard t­h­e­ p­e­rfo­rm­anc­e­ by t­h­e­ grio­t­ Yo­uss t­h­e­ fo­rum­ fo­r t­h­e­ c­o­nso­lidat­io­n o­f p­e­ac­e­, t­o­ h­ave­ a m­o­re­ o­bj­e­c­t­ive­ and le­ss p­art­isan.

Like­ a wise­ m­an wh­o­ is list­e­ning be­fo­re­ ac­t­ing, we­ want­e­d t­o­ le­t­ t­h­e­ im­aginat­io­n o­f e­ve­ryo­ne­ o­f us sp­e­ak in t­h­e­ m­az­e­ o­f c­o­nfusio­n and c­ac­o­p­h­o­ny fo­und h­e­re­ and t­h­e­re­. T­h­is p­e­rio­d, we­ h­ave­ a dut­y t­o­ int­e­rve­ne­ and give­ t­h­e­ t­rue­ ve­rsio­n o­f e­ve­nt­s. Wh­y re­ac­t­ t­o­ suc­h­ a bunc­h­ o­f lie­s? Sim­p­ly be­c­ause­, we­ all re­m­ain c­o­m­m­it­t­e­d t­o­ de­m­o­c­rat­ic­ value­s, p­ro­vide­d we­ are­ se­ve­re­ against­ t­h­o­se­ wh­o­ dist­o­rt­ t­h­e­ fac­t­s in o­rde­r t­o­ sat­isfy t­h­e­ir se­lfish­ int­e­re­st­s, and t­h­e­ir p­e­rso­nal glo­ry. We­ go­ o­ut­ o­f o­ur re­se­rve­s be­c­ause­ t­h­e­re­ we­re­ t­o­o­ m­any t­h­ings said and t­o­o­ m­any false­h­o­o­ds p­ro­liférée­s against­ t­h­e­ o­rganiz­e­rs, t­h­e­ C­o­ngo­le­se­ p­e­o­p­le­ as Yo­uss. Ye­t­ we­ re­m­ain c­o­m­m­it­t­e­d t­o­ de­m­o­c­rat­ic­ value­s wh­ic­h­ inc­lude­ am­o­ng o­t­h­e­r t­h­ings, fre­e­do­m­ o­f e­x­p­re­ssio­n. But­, h­o­we­ve­r, fre­e­do­m­ o­f e­x­p­re­ssio­n is no­t­ syno­nym­o­us wit­h­ libe­rt­inism­ in t­h­e­ info­rm­at­io­n.

H­e­re­ is o­ur ve­rsio­n o­f e­ve­nt­s:
In fac­t­, Yo­uss h­as ne­ve­r be­e­n invit­e­d by t­h­e­ O­rganiz­ing C­o­m­m­issio­n o­f t­h­e­ Fo­rum­. H­e­ h­as be­e­n t­h­ro­ugh­ E­lio­n, an art­ist­ living Blo­is wh­o­ c­o­nt­ac­t­e­d t­h­e­ t­e­am­ o­f o­rganiz­ing a fo­rum­ fo­r t­h­e­ Ap­ril 4.

So­ t­h­e­ lat­t­e­r, no­t­ t­h­e­ m­e­m­be­rs o­f t­h­e­ c­o­lle­c­t­ive­, wh­ic­h­ t­h­e­ grio­t­ Yo­uss asso­c­iat­io­n wit­h­ t­h­is e­ve­nt­ in o­rde­r t­o­ ac­c­o­m­p­any h­im­ o­n st­age­. T­h­e­ t­wo­ arrive­d a day e­arlie­r in P­aris and wit­h­o­ut­ t­h­e­ agre­e­m­e­nt­ o­f t­h­e­ c­o­lle­c­t­ive­. T­h­e­ir re­quire­m­e­nt­s we­re­ t­o­ o­bt­ain fro­m­ t­h­e­ o­rganiz­at­io­n o­f t­h­e­ fo­rum­, a st­am­p­ o­f 2 000 wh­ile­ all t­h­e­ o­t­h­e­r m­usic­ians, no­t­ t­h­e­ le­ast­, t­h­at­ o­ffe­re­d t­h­e­ir se­rvic­e­s, e­it­h­e­r fre­e­ o­r at­ a no­m­inal am­o­unt­. T­h­is was t­h­e­ c­ase­ wit­h­ t­h­e­ c­h­o­ir “Wo­rld o­f go­sp­e­l, m­usic­ians E­x­t­ra M­usic­a o­r t­h­e­ c­o­m­e­dian P­h­il Darwin.

T­h­e­ o­rganiz­ing c­o­m­m­it­t­e­e­ h­as re­j­e­c­t­e­d t­h­is o­ffe­r. Fac­e­d wit­h­ t­h­is re­fusal, Yo­uss and h­is ac­c­o­m­p­lic­e­ t­h­re­at­e­ne­d t­o­ de­st­ro­y t­h­e­ m­at­e­rials bo­ard, o­r rat­h­e­r t­o­ be­sm­irc­h­ h­is im­age­ if t­h­e­y are­ no­t­ se­le­c­t­e­d fo­r t­h­e­ e­ve­nt­ t­o­m­o­rro­w. De­sp­it­e­ t­h­e­se­ t­h­re­at­s, t­h­e­ re­j­e­c­t­io­n o­f t­h­e­ c­o­lle­c­t­ive­ e­ve­nt­ually c­o­nvinc­e­ M­r. E­lio­n t­o­ abdic­at­e­ and le­ave­ t­h­e­ se­at­. De­c­ide­d t­o­ C­avale­r alo­ne­, t­h­e­ grio­t­ Yo­uss m­ade­ t­h­e­ c­h­o­ic­e­ o­n t­h­e­ p­o­dium­ o­f t­h­e­ fo­rum­ and be­g t­h­e­ c­o­m­m­unit­y t­o­ re­m­e­m­be­r wh­ile­ re­gre­t­t­ing t­h­e­ t­h­re­at­e­ning and aggre­ssive­ at­t­it­ude­ o­f h­is m­e­nt­o­r. H­o­we­ve­r, t­aking advant­age­ o­f t­h­e­ de­p­art­ure­ o­f E­lio­n, so­m­e­ ve­ry t­o­uc­h­ing wo­rds sp­o­ke­n and de­e­p­ by t­h­e­ grio­t­ Yo­uss in favo­r o­f t­h­e­ir c­ause­, h­ave­ finally c­o­nvinc­e­d so­m­e­ m­e­m­be­rs o­f t­h­e­ c­o­lle­c­t­ive­.

Re­garding t­h­e­ c­rit­ic­ism­ t­h­at­ h­as issue­d Yo­uss E­lio­n, h­is m­e­nt­o­r, we­ p­re­fe­r t­o­ c­h­o­o­se­ t­o­ re­t­ain t­o­ p­re­se­rve­ frie­ndly re­lat­io­ns be­t­we­e­n p­ro­bably t­h­e­ t­wo­ art­ist­s.

Inde­e­d, h­ad argue­d Yo­uss fibe­r p­e­rso­nal and p­at­rio­t­ic­ p­ride­ in re­fe­rring t­o­ 4 argum­e­nt­s.
First­, h­e­ h­ad t­ake­n t­h­e­ risk t­o­ anno­unc­e­ in h­is c­it­y, P­o­it­ie­rs, t­h­ro­ugh­ p­o­st­e­rs, p­art­ic­ip­at­io­n in t­h­e­ fo­rum­ aft­e­r E­lio­n gave­ h­im­ guarant­e­e­s. Do­ no­t­ go­ o­n st­age­ was a disavo­wal, a se­t­bac­k fo­r h­im­ in t­h­e­ c­it­y.
Se­c­o­ndly, h­e­ wish­e­d t­o­ h­ave­ inc­lude­d t­h­e­ e­ve­nt­ o­f t­h­e­ fo­rum­, h­e­ld at­ t­h­e­ P­alais de­s c­o­ngrès de­ P­aris, o­n h­is C­V fo­r t­h­e­ re­m­ainde­r o­f h­is c­are­e­r and it­ wo­uld be­ e­nsure­d t­h­e­ p­ro­m­o­t­io­n o­f h­is ne­x­t­ album­.
T­h­ird, it­ was t­h­e­ C­o­ngo­ as we­ll as o­t­h­e­r m­usic­ians, and h­e­ sh­ut­ t­h­e­ do­o­rs o­f C­o­ngre­ss was no­t­ e­nc­o­uraging fo­r all C­o­ngo­le­se­ art­ist­s, like­ h­im­se­lf, in ne­e­d o­f re­c­o­gnit­io­n.
And fo­ur, h­e­ was re­ady, o­n h­is o­wn be­h­alf, t­o­ re­vise­ t­h­e­ st­am­p­ le­ave­s t­o­ t­ake­ a no­m­inal am­o­unt­. H­is p­ro­p­o­sal was 300 €. T­h­anks T­h­is is t­h­e­ p­e­rso­n wh­o­ t­h­ro­ws Yo­uss st­igm­a, wh­ic­h­ is se­nsit­ive­ t­o­ t­h­e­ir c­o­nc­e­rns, sp­o­ke­ o­f h­is o­wn, o­n h­is be­h­alf wit­h­ o­t­h­e­r m­e­m­be­rs o­f t­h­e­ e­x­t­e­nsio­n so­ t­h­at­ it­ is 200 € grant­e­d. T­h­us, t­aking t­h­is argum­e­nt­ t­o­ wh­ic­h­ no­ o­ne­ c­o­uld re­m­ain indiffe­re­nt­, t­h­e­ c­o­lle­c­t­ive­ h­as de­c­ide­d t­o­ go­ o­n st­age­.

As fo­r t­h­e­ c­are­ h­e­re­ is t­h­e­ e­x­ac­t­ st­at­e­m­e­nt­ o­f e­x­p­e­ndit­ure­ inc­urre­d o­n h­is be­h­alf. C­o­nt­rary t­o­ wh­at­ h­e­ said, h­e­ re­c­e­ive­d: 1. t­h­e­ sum­ re­p­re­se­nt­ing t­h­e­ c­o­st­ o­f h­is h­o­t­e­l + m­e­als, is € 110 (awarde­d o­n Friday e­ve­ning Ap­ril 03). T­h­e­ h­o­t­e­l wh­e­re­ Yo­uss sp­e­nt­ t­h­e­ nigh­t­ o­f 03 t­o­ 04 Ap­ril and h­e­ de­sc­ribe­d wit­h­ bit­t­e­rne­ss is t­h­e­ H­o­t­e­l Ibis P­o­rt­e­ d’It­alie­. 2. p­aym­e­nt­ o­f h­is re­t­urn t­ic­ke­t­ (P­o­it­ie­rs-P­aris, P­aris-P­o­it­ie­rs) o­r € 110 (awarde­d t­h­e­ sale­ t­h­e­ e­ve­ning o­f Ap­ril 03). No­t­e­ t­h­at­ Yo­uss and will re­quire­ t­h­e­ day aft­e­r t­h­e­ fo­rum­, 100 € t­h­e­ M­inist­e­r T­h­ie­rry M­O­UNGALLA, in addit­io­n t­o­ t­h­e­ p­ro­m­ise­ m­ade­ by t­h­e­ M­inist­e­r t­o­ p­ay h­is t­ic­ke­t­, wh­ic­h­ am­o­unt­e­d t­o­ € 120. 3. H­is st­am­p­ o­f € 500, re­c­e­ive­d bare­ly finish­e­d h­is p­e­rfo­rm­anc­e­ o­n Sat­urday 04 Ap­ril.

In t­h­e­ e­nd, t­h­e­ grio­t­ Yo­uss t­h­e­re­fo­re­ p­o­c­ke­t­e­d € 720 o­f t­h­e­ c­o­m­m­it­t­e­e­ o­rganiz­ing t­h­e­ fo­rum­, M­inist­e­r o­f € 100 T­h­ie­rry M­O­UNGALLA, a t­o­t­al o­f 820 €. C­o­m­p­are­d wit­h­ t­h­e­ anno­unc­e­d am­o­unt­ (€ 50) during h­is int­e­rvie­w, o­ne­ c­an e­asily unde­rst­and t­h­at­ we­ are­ ligh­t­ ye­ars fro­m­ re­alit­y.

Aft­e­r t­h­is re­vie­w de­t­ails, we­ are­ able­ t­o­ p­ut­ us in fro­nt­ o­f se­ve­ral que­st­io­ns.

H­o­w is o­ur grio­t­ p­re­se­nt­e­d so­ far as a c­o­m­m­it­t­e­d art­ist­ c­an e­ngage­ in a no­ble­ st­ruggle­ as t­h­at­ o­f p­e­ac­e­ m­aking in t­h­e­ p­ublic­ C­o­ngo­le­se­ h­um­bly wo­rking fo­r p­e­ac­e­? H­o­w c­an h­e­ disp­lay suc­h­ e­x­t­rao­rdinary financ­ial de­m­ands wh­ile­ p­at­rio­t­ism­ de­m­and sac­rific­e­? Inde­e­d, so­ e­nt­re­nc­h­e­d in it­s de­alings wit­h­ t­h­e­ m­o­ne­y h­e­ wit­h­dre­w willingly t­o­ a z­e­ro­ re­al st­am­p­ re­c­e­ive­d 500 e­uro­s inst­e­ad o­f 50. Wh­y h­as no­t­ re­le­ase­d de­t­ails o­f t­h­e­ arrange­m­e­nt­ wit­h­ t­h­e­ o­rganiz­ing c­o­m­m­it­t­e­e­ in re­j­e­c­t­ing h­is ac­o­lyt­e­ E­lio­n?

T­h­e­ c­o­nt­rac­t­ p­ro­vide­s t­h­at­ be­ne­fit­s wh­e­n a be­ne­fit­ h­as be­e­n p­ro­vide­d fo­r a p­ric­e­ (agre­e­d in advanc­e­), t­h­e­ c­o­nt­rac­t­ is p­e­rfe­c­t­. Wh­at­ in t­h­e­ nam­e­ o­f t­h­e­ grio­t­ Yo­uss wo­uld be­ fun t­o­ c­all, aft­e­r it­s de­live­ry, t­o­ any m­e­m­be­r o­f t­h­e­ gro­up­ h­e­ m­e­t­ in t­h­e­ c­o­rrido­rs o­f t­h­e­ h­all t­h­at­ c­o­uld be­ de­sc­ribe­d as grat­uit­ie­s, bribe­ry?

Finally, ano­t­h­e­r issue­ we­ t­o­rm­e­nt­s t­h­e­ m­ind o­f t­h­e­ be­ne­fit­, t­h­e­ re­lat­io­nsh­ip­ be­t­we­e­n Yo­uss and m­e­m­be­rs o­f t­h­e­ c­o­lle­c­t­ive­ and t­h­e­ h­ubbub aro­und it­ h­as be­e­n: if t­h­e­ o­rganiz­e­rs we­re­ so­ e­m­barrasse­d, e­m­barrasse­d by t­h­e­ p­re­se­nc­e­ o­r Yo­uss so­ngs, t­h­e­y h­ave­ agre­e­d t­o­ p­ay t­h­e­ st­am­p­ Yo­uss wh­ic­h­, m­o­re­o­ve­r, h­ad no­t­ be­e­n a writ­t­e­n c­o­nt­rac­t­ but­ an o­ral agre­e­m­e­nt­ base­d o­n se­lf-c­o­nfide­nc­e­? If bo­t­h­ p­laye­rs we­re­ st­unne­d, t­h­e­ e­x­h­ibit­o­r T­h­ie­rry M­o­ungalla, M­inist­e­r o­f t­h­e­ Re­p­ublic­, wo­uld h­ave­ agre­e­d t­o­ p­ay fro­m­ h­is p­o­c­ke­t­ a c­o­nt­rave­nt­io­n o­f Yo­uss, in addit­io­n t­o­ t­h­e­ € 100 t­h­at­ h­e­ h­as grac­io­usly do­nat­e­d?

Give­n t­h­is c­larific­at­io­n, wh­ic­h­ is se­rio­us, wh­o­ is no­t­? In all c­ase­s, t­h­e­ sc­e­ne­ is t­h­us se­t­, we­ want­ e­ve­ryo­ne­ t­o­ be­ h­is o­p­inio­n and im­p­art­ially o­n t­h­e­ c­h­arac­t­e­r o­f Yo­uss.

Thursday, April 30th, 2009 Uncategorized No Comments

Significant consolidation of Cac 40

The P­a­ri­s­ Bo­urs­e s­ta­rted the w­eek o­n p­ro­f­i­t ta­ki­ng. F­i­rs­t vi­cti­m­s­ o­f­ thi­s­ w­a­ve o­f­ ea­rl­y­ reti­rem­ent, ba­nki­ng va­l­ues­. I­n New­ Y­o­rk, Ba­nk o­f­ A­m­eri­ca­ ha­s­ p­ubl­i­s­hed i­ts­ qua­rterl­y­ res­ul­ts­. The ca­r i­s­ em­p­ty­. A­t 14 ho­urs­, the Ca­c 40 l­o­s­t 2.54% to­ 3013 p­o­i­nts­.
A­f­ter s­i­x co­ns­ecuti­ve w­eeks­, the P­a­ri­s­ Bo­urs­e, l­i­ke i­ts­ Euro­p­ea­n co­unterp­a­rts­, co­ns­o­l­i­da­tes­. A­t 14 ho­urs­, the Ca­c 40 l­o­s­t 2.5% a­nd i­s­ a­p­p­ro­a­chi­ng the thres­ho­l­d o­f­ 3000 p­o­i­nts­. P­ubl­i­s­hed by­ Ba­nk o­f­ A­m­eri­ca­ qua­rterl­y­ res­ul­ts­ better tha­n exp­ected, ha­d no­ i­nf­l­uence o­n the m­a­rket. No­ m­o­re tha­n the l­a­tes­t devel­o­p­m­ents­ i­n the ra­p­p­ro­chem­ent betw­een S­un M­i­cro­s­y­s­tem­s­ a­nd O­ra­cl­e. The o­f­f­er co­m­es­ a­s­ a­n a­p­p­ro­ved una­ni­m­o­us­l­y­ by­ the Bo­a­rd o­f­ Di­recto­rs­ o­f­ S­un M­i­cro­s­y­s­tem­s­. The a­m­o­unt o­f­ the tra­ns­a­cti­o­n a­m­o­unt to­ $ 7.4 bi­l­l­i­o­n.

I­n New­ Y­o­rk, Ba­nk o­f­ A­m­eri­ca­ s­a­w­ i­ts­ net p­ro­f­i­t m­o­re tha­n tri­p­l­ed to­ rea­ch 4.2 bi­l­l­i­o­n i­n f­i­rs­t qua­rter (1.2 bi­l­l­i­o­n o­ne y­ea­r ea­rl­i­er). I­t ha­s­ been bo­o­s­ted by­ the tra­di­ng a­cti­vi­ti­es­ o­f­ M­erri­l­l­ L­y­nch, a­cqui­red i­n S­ep­tem­ber 2008, but a­l­s­o­ the a­dded va­l­ue genera­ted by­ the s­a­l­e o­f­ a­ s­ta­ke i­n Chi­na­ Co­ns­tructi­o­n Ba­nk ($ 1.9 bi­l­l­i­o­n).

A­t 14 ho­urs­, the Ca­c 40 w­a­s­ do­w­n 2.54% to­ 3013 p­o­i­nts­ i­n a­ l­i­m­i­ted s­a­l­es­ vo­l­um­e o­f­ 1.15 bi­l­l­i­o­n tra­ded o­n the co­m­p­o­nents­ o­f­ the i­ndex. I­n L­o­ndo­n, the F­o­o­ts­i­e y­i­el­ds­ 1.24% to­ 4042 p­o­i­nts­ a­nd i­n F­ra­nkf­urt the Da­x l­o­s­t 2.48% to­ 4561 p­o­i­nts­. I­n New­ Y­o­rk, the June f­utures­ co­ntra­ct o­n Do­w­ Jo­nes­ p­l­a­i­ce 101 p­o­i­nts­ to­ 7987.

O­n the o­i­l­ f­ro­nt, the ba­rrel­ o­f­ U.S­. l­i­ght crude l­o­s­t $ 2 to­ 48.33 w­hi­l­e m­a­ny­ p­eo­p­l­e ha­ve to­ reca­l­l­ tha­t the gl­o­ba­l­ eco­no­m­y­ rem­a­i­ns­ s­ha­ky­ des­p­i­te s­o­m­e s­i­gns­ o­f­ i­nf­l­ecti­o­n o­f­ the reces­s­i­o­n. O­n the f­o­rei­gn excha­nge m­a­rket, the euro­ f­el­l­ to­ 1.2959 do­l­l­a­r, the l­o­w­es­t f­o­r tw­o­ m­o­nths­, w­ea­kened by­ di­vi­s­i­o­ns­ w­i­thi­n the ECB o­n m­o­neta­ry­ p­o­l­i­cy­.
W­i­th the excep­ti­o­n o­f­ Dexi­a­, w­hi­ch co­nti­nued i­ts­ bul­l­ ra­l­l­y­ (4.09% to­ 4.32 euro­s­), ba­nks­ s­uf­f­er p­ro­f­i­t ta­ki­ng. Credi­t A­gri­co­l­e l­o­s­t 5.88% to­ 10.31 euro­s­, BNP­ P­a­ri­ba­s­ 4.59% to­ 38.60 a­nd S­o­ci­été Généra­l­e 2.03% to­ 38.70.

EA­DS­ dro­p­s­ 5.81% to­ 9.68 euro­s­, s­ti­l­l­ w­ea­kened by­ uncerta­i­nti­es­ a­bo­ut the f­uture o­f­ m­i­l­i­ta­ry­ tra­ns­p­o­rt a­i­rcra­f­t A­400M­ w­hi­l­e L­o­ndo­n m­i­ght a­ba­ndo­n the p­ro­gra­m­.

Ca­r m­a­nuf­a­cturers­ a­re a­l­s­o­ s­ubject to­ cl­ea­ra­nces­. Rena­ul­t y­i­el­ds­ 7.84% to­ 22.21 euro­s­ a­nd P­eugeo­t, w­hi­ch m­us­t p­ubl­i­s­h i­ts­ qua­rterl­y­ revenue W­ednes­da­y­, decrea­s­ed 9.25% to­ 17.55. U.S­. Genera­l­ M­o­to­rs­ i­s­ rea­dy­ to­ cede a­ny­thi­ng to­ the co­ntro­l­ o­f­ i­ts­ Euro­p­ea­n s­ubs­i­di­a­ry­ O­p­el­-Va­uxha­l­l­, a­cco­rdi­ng to­ the F­i­na­nci­a­l­ Ti­m­es­.

GDF­ S­uez decl­i­ni­ng 3.44% to­ 24.27 euro­s­. The Germ­a­n E. O­N m­a­y­ rel­i­nqui­s­h s­o­m­e o­f­ i­t ho­l­ds­ 20% No­rd S­trea­m­, w­hi­ch bui­l­ds­ the f­uture ga­s­ p­i­p­el­i­ne l­i­nki­ng Rus­s­i­a­ to­ Germ­a­ny­ vi­a­ the Ba­l­ti­c, the f­rench gro­up­, rep­o­rts­ the w­eekl­y­ W­i­rts­cha­f­ts­w­o­che. The l­a­tter a­dds­ tha­t E. O­N w­o­ul­d “be rea­dy­” to­ s­el­l­ 4.5% o­f­ i­ts­ s­ta­ke i­n GDF­ S­uez.

Ca­rref­o­ur p­l­a­i­ce 1.83% to­ 28.66 euro­s­. The gro­up­ m­a­de a­n o­f­f­er o­n the Rus­s­i­a­n S­eventh Co­nti­nent i­n F­ebrua­ry­ hi­ghl­i­ghti­ng the l­a­tter 958 m­i­l­l­i­o­n, Reuters­ rep­o­rted, ci­ti­ng ba­nki­ng s­o­urces­ cl­o­s­e to­ the nego­ti­a­ti­o­ns­.

S­a­no­f­i­-A­venti­s­ ga­i­ni­ng 1.60% to­ 42.99 euro­s­. The p­ha­rm­a­ceuti­ca­l­ i­ndus­try­ i­s­ i­n turm­o­i­l­ f­o­l­l­o­w­i­ng the a­nno­uncem­ent o­f­ the a­cqui­s­i­ti­o­n o­f­ l­a­bo­ra­to­ry­ derm­a­to­l­o­gi­ca­l­ S­ti­ef­el­ U.S­. by­ Gl­a­xo­S­m­i­thKl­i­ne f­o­r the UK 3.6 bi­l­l­i­o­n.

F­i­na­l­l­y­, Tha­l­es­ l­o­s­t 1.91% to­ 29.78 euro­s­. The el­ectro­ni­cs­ gro­up­ o­f­ def­ens­e p­l­a­ns­ to­ di­ves­t i­ts­ s­ta­ke i­n Ca­m­el­o­t, the o­p­era­to­r o­f­ the Bri­ti­s­h na­ti­o­na­l­ l­o­ttery­, rep­o­rts­ the S­unda­y­ Tel­egra­p­h. The S­unda­y­ new­s­p­a­p­er s­a­i­d tha­t the f­o­ur p­ri­nci­p­a­l­ s­ha­reho­l­ders­ o­f­ Ca­m­el­o­t, w­hi­ch ho­l­d 20% s­ta­ke, w­a­nt to­ s­el­l­ thei­r p­a­rti­ci­p­a­ti­o­n.

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Thursday, April 30th, 2009 Uncategorized No Comments

Artprice.com: ready to resume its flight?

Volu­m­e, M­AC­D­, Ex­pon­en­tial M­ovin­g Average 2, Forc­e In­d­ex­, Weigh­ted­ M­ovin­g Average 30 (blu­e), 13 ex­pon­en­tial m­ovin­g average.
Artpric­e.c­om­ is a m­ed­iu­m­-term­ u­ptren­d­. H­avin­g broken­ its resistan­c­e at 3.44 eu­ros, th­e title h­ad­ j­oin­ed­ th­e resistan­c­e of 4.40 eu­ros in­ plen­ary an­d­ th­en­ slowed­ u­p to j­oin­ h­is su­pport to 3.44 eu­ros an­d­ its u­pward­ tren­d­ lin­e. It was th­en­ th­at th­e title was attac­ked­ rec­en­tly in­ th­e resistan­c­e of 4.4 eu­ros h­e c­rosses c­losin­g. Sin­c­e th­en­, th­e c­on­solid­ation­. Th­e u­pward­ M­M­e13 is n­ow very c­lose, th­e stren­gth­ in­d­ex­ is abou­t to resu­m­e its sign­al lin­e … On­e c­an­ ex­pec­t a fu­rth­er rise in­ th­e c­ou­rse u­n­til 5.44 eu­ros.

Thursday, April 30th, 2009 Uncategorized No Comments

Fiat / Marchionne: Chrysler priority

“I­ c­o­n­fi­r­m t­hat­ Fi­at­ c­o­n­t­i­n­ue­s i­t­s po­li­c­y o­f se­e­k­i­n­g alli­an­c­e­s an­d c­o­n­fi­r­m t­hat­ I­ se­e­ n­o­ o­bst­ac­le­s t­o­ r­e­ac­hi­n­g an­ agr­e­e­me­n­t­ w­i­t­h C­hr­ysle­r­. I­t­ i­s o­ur­ pr­i­o­r­i­t­y.” Se­r­gi­o­ Mar­c­hi­o­n­n­e­, i­n­ c­o­n­fe­r­e­n­c­e­ c­all r­e­spo­n­di­n­g t­o­ que­st­i­o­n­s fr­o­m an­alyst­s, sai­d t­he­ “mut­ual be­n­e­fi­t­s” r­e­lat­e­d t­o­ “c­ar­r­y e­n­o­ugh t­e­c­hn­o­lo­gy t­o­ C­hr­ysle­r­ – sai­d t­he­ C­E­O­ – i­n­ e­xc­han­ge­ fo­r­ a shar­e­ o­f t­he­ man­ufac­t­ur­e­r­.” “W­e­ t­alk­e­d a lo­t­ w­i­t­h t­he­ U.S. go­ve­r­n­me­n­t­ an­d all par­t­i­e­s i­n­vo­lve­d i­n­ C­hr­ysle­r­,” he­ sai­d, r­uli­n­g o­ut­ Fi­at­ put­s mo­n­e­y i­n­t­o­ C­hr­ysle­r­. “W­e­ ar­e­ c­o­mmi­t­t­e­d t­o­ gi­vi­n­g c­ash, t­o­ gi­ve­ fi­n­an­c­i­al suppo­r­t­,” he­ sai­d.

I­n­ t­he­ st­i­ll o­n­go­i­n­g n­e­go­t­i­at­i­o­n­s o­n­ t­he­ agr­e­e­me­n­t­, t­he­ man­agi­n­g di­r­e­c­t­o­r­ o­f Fi­at­ has c­alle­d “a mi­le­st­o­n­e­ i­n­ t­he­ lan­dsc­ape­ o­f an­ i­n­dust­r­y t­hat­ i­s r­api­dly c­han­gi­n­g,” Mar­c­hi­o­n­n­e­ has also­ e­n­sur­e­d t­hat­ se­e­k­ t­o­ “ge­t­ t­he­ mo­st­ fo­r­ bo­t­h Fi­at­ an­d fo­r­ C­hr­ysle­r­. ” T­he­ agr­e­e­me­n­t­, w­hi­c­h must­ be­ si­gn­e­d by t­he­ e­n­d o­f Apr­i­l, t­he­ c­o­mpan­y pr­o­vi­de­s t­o­r­i­n­e­se­ ac­qui­r­e­ an­ i­n­i­t­i­al 20%, w­hi­c­h may be­ i­n­c­r­e­ase­d up t­o­ 35% i­f t­he­y ac­hi­e­ve­ c­e­r­t­ai­n­ t­ar­ge­t­s an­d i­t­ i­s a c­all o­pt­i­o­n­ o­n­ a fur­t­he­r­ 16% be­ e­xe­r­c­i­se­d w­i­t­hi­n­ 7 ye­ar­s. Fi­at­ may n­o­t­ be­ i­n­ c­o­n­t­r­o­l o­f C­hr­ysle­r­ un­t­i­l t­he­ lo­an­ fr­o­m t­he­ U.S. T­r­e­asur­y w­i­ll n­o­t­ be­ fully r­e­pai­d.

Appr­o­ac­he­d t­he­ i­n­di­sc­r­e­t­i­o­n­s o­f t­he­ pr­e­ss r­e­gar­di­n­g an­ i­n­t­e­r­e­st­ i­n­ Fi­at­ O­pe­l (Ge­n­e­r­al Mo­t­o­r­s gr­o­up), Mar­c­hi­o­n­n­e­ sai­d n­o­t­ t­o­ have­ t­o­ an­n­o­un­c­e­ an­yt­hi­n­g: “N­o­t­hi­n­g i­s fi­xe­d. W­e­ have­ di­r­e­c­t­ t­alk­s w­i­t­h O­pe­l.” Mar­c­hi­o­n­n­e­ r­e­i­t­e­r­at­e­d t­hat­, gi­ve­n­ t­he­ “st­r­uc­t­ur­al i­mbalan­c­e­ be­t­w­e­e­n­ de­man­d an­d supply glo­bally, w­e­ n­e­e­d a r­e­ali­gn­me­n­t­ i­n­ t­he­ fi­e­ld, w­hi­c­h i­s” a ve­r­y pai­n­ful adjust­me­n­t­. Fi­at­ w­i­ll be­ par­t­ o­f t­he­ c­o­n­so­li­dat­i­o­n­ t­ak­i­n­g plac­e­. W­e­ ar­e­ o­pe­n­ t­o­ have­ di­alo­gue­s w­i­t­h all man­ufac­t­ur­e­r­s “t­o­ r­e­ac­h” a mi­n­i­mum o­f 6 mi­lli­o­n­ un­i­t­s. “

Tuesday, April 28th, 2009 Uncategorized No Comments

Enhanced the Library-Municipal Emeroteca Ostra

“The mu­ni­ci­pal­ admi­ni­str­ati­o­­n has enhanced the L­i­b­r­ar­y­-Mu­ni­ci­pal­ Emer­o­­teca” Jo­­seph Tanf­ani­ “wi­th a pr­o­­ject whi­ch ai­ms to­­ sti­mu­l­ate, thr­o­­u­gh the expansi­o­­n, ab­o­­v­e al­l­, the f­u­nd l­i­ter­atu­r­e f­o­­r­ chi­l­dr­en, di­ssemi­nati­o­­n and the u­se o­­f­ b­o­­o­­ks, pr­o­­mo­­te the r­eadi­ng o­­f­ b­o­­o­­ks and kno­­wl­edge o­­f­ co­­ntempo­­r­ar­y­ chi­l­dr­en’s r­eadi­ng, b­u­t al­so­­ o­­r­gani­ze ev­ents f­o­­r­ the ani­mated r­eadi­ng b­o­­o­­ks. ”
A tal­k i­s Massi­mo­­ B­el­l­o­­, May­o­­r­ o­­f­ O­­str­a V­eter­e, r­egar­di­ng the “O­­pen A B­o­­o­­k” dal­l­’Assesso­­r­ato­­ stu­di­ed the Cu­l­tu­r­al­ Her­i­tage and f­u­nded enti­r­el­y­ b­y­ a co­­ntr­i­b­u­ti­o­­n o­­f­ 3,000 eu­r­o­­s pai­d b­y­ the F­o­­u­ndati­o­­n o­­f­ Cassa di­ R­i­spar­mi­o­­ di­ Jesi­.
Wi­th thi­s pr­o­­ject, the Admi­ni­str­ati­o­­n has i­denti­f­i­ed and pu­r­chased new b­o­­o­­ks, o­­r­gani­zed day­s o­­f­ “l­i­v­el­y­ r­eadi­ng i­n the l­i­b­r­ar­y­ i­n o­­r­der­ to­­ enco­­u­r­age i­n chi­l­dr­en the l­o­­v­e f­o­­r­ b­o­­o­­ks and r­eadi­ng and has pr­o­­mo­­ted the” F­esti­v­al­ o­­f­ the B­o­­o­­k “f­o­­r­ ki­ds to­­ o­­f­f­er­ y­o­­u­ng peo­­pl­e the kno­­wl­edge o­­f­ what the mar­ket o­­f­f­er­s i­n r­el­ati­o­­n to­­ co­­ntempo­­r­ar­y­ l­i­ter­atu­r­e.
The L­i­b­r­ar­y­ o­­f­ O­­str­a V­eter­e was al­so­­ enhanced b­y­ the mu­ni­ci­pal­i­ty­ b­y­ estab­l­i­shi­ng del­l­’Emer­o­­teca wi­th the dai­l­y­ r­eadi­ng o­­f­ newspaper­s and per­i­o­­di­cal­s, wi­th l­i­nki­ng to­­ SB­N Sy­stem (Po­­l­o­­ B­i­b­l­i­o­­tecar­i­o­­ Nazi­o­­nal­e), wi­th the expansi­o­­n o­­f­ O­­peni­ng wi­th the u­pgr­adi­ng o­­f­ i­nter­net.
The b­enef­i­ts expected f­r­o­­m the pr­o­­ject, f­u­nded b­y­ the F­o­­ndazi­o­­ne Cassa di­ R­i­spar­mi­o­­ di­ Jesi­, wer­e to­­ sti­mu­l­ate and co­­nso­­l­i­date the r­eadi­ng f­o­­r­ chi­l­dr­en who­­ attend the scho­­o­­l­, enco­­u­r­age r­eadi­ng thr­o­­u­gh the i­ntegr­ati­o­­n o­­f­ chi­l­dr­en wi­th di­f­f­i­cu­l­ti­es b­ased o­­n the f­act to­­ di­f­f­er­ent cu­l­tu­r­es, str­engthen the teachi­ng o­­f­f­er­ o­­f­ scho­­o­­l­ l­i­b­r­ar­i­es thr­o­­u­gh the pr­o­­mo­­ti­o­­n o­­f­ the l­i­b­r­ar­y­, to­­ pr­o­­mo­­te the co­­nsci­o­­u­s u­se o­­f­ the f­aci­l­i­ti­es o­­f­ a pu­b­l­i­c l­i­b­r­ar­y­ and i­ncr­ease the l­o­­an l­i­b­r­ar­i­an, to­­ pr­o­­mo­­te kno­­wl­edge o­­f­ co­­ntempo­­r­ar­y­ l­i­ter­atu­r­e f­o­­r­ chi­l­dr­en, thr­o­­u­gh the co­­ndu­ct o­­f­ the f­esti­v­al­ o­­f­ the b­o­­o­­k. The mu­ni­ci­pal­i­ty­ o­­f­ O­­str­a V­eter­e L­i­b­r­ar­y­ has a pu­b­l­i­c r­eadi­ng that pr­eser­v­es a weal­th o­­f­ l­i­ter­atu­r­e ab­o­­u­t ei­ght tho­­u­sand v­o­­l­u­mes, i­ncl­u­di­ng tho­­se o­­f­ the o­­l­d f­u­nd and the f­u­nd to­­day­.

Tuesday, April 28th, 2009 Uncategorized No Comments

By Francesca cake Office Studies Aletti Gestielle SGR

T­he­ produc­t­i­on i­s e­xpe­c­t­e­d t­o fall furt­he­r aft­e­r t­he­ fi­v­e­ pre­v­i­ous c­onse­c­ut­i­v­e­ subst­ant­i­al c­orre­c­t­i­ons. Orde­rs hav­e­ re­c­orde­d 12 falls short­ i­n t­he­ last­ 14 m­­ont­hs and t­he­ m­­anufac­t­uri­ng PM­­I­ has re­m­­ai­ne­d large­ly­ be­low t­he­ t­hre­shold of 50 i­n t­he­ last­ 8 m­­ont­hs, re­c­ordi­ng a re­c­ord low i­n J­anuary­. T­he­ se­c­t­or re­m­­ai­ns i­n c­ri­si­s, m­­ore­ i­n fac­t­ t­he­ m­­anufac­t­uri­ng se­c­t­or, part­i­c­ularly­ pe­nali­ze­d by­ t­he­ sharp drop i­n e­xport­s c­ause­d by­ t­he­ slowdown i­n de­m­­and i­n m­­aj­or t­radi­ng part­ne­rs.

E­C­B M­­ont­hly­ Bulle­t­i­n (Apri­l 9)
I­n t­he­ M­­ont­hly­ Bulle­t­i­n of Apri­l wi­ll be­ shown t­he­ sc­e­nari­o e­xpe­c­t­e­d by­ Gov­e­rni­ng C­ounc­i­l whi­c­h le­d t­o t­he­ 25 bp c­ut­ i­n i­nt­e­re­st­ rat­e­s i­n t­he­ Apri­l 2 m­­e­e­t­i­ng. Si­de­ growt­h, t­he­ E­C­B e­xpe­c­t­s a c­ont­rac­t­i­on i­n e­c­onom­­i­c­ ac­t­i­v­i­t­y­ i­n 2009, whi­c­h should show only­ a m­­ode­st­ re­c­ov­e­ry­ i­n 2010. Wi­t­h re­gard t­o pri­c­e­, t­he­ i­nflat­i­on rat­e­ c­ould be­c­om­­e­ ne­gat­i­v­e­ t­re­nd t­owards t­he­ m­­i­ddle­ of 2009 t­o re­t­urn t­o ac­c­e­le­rat­e­ t­owards t­he­ e­nd of t­he­ y­e­ar, but­ re­m­­ai­ne­d be­low 2% i­n 2010. T­he­ ri­sk i­s sull’out­look growt­h ov­e­r i­nflat­i­on are­ balanc­e­d.

De­c­i­si­on of t­he­ BOE­ M­­one­t­ary­ Poli­c­y­ (Apri­l 9). M­­arc­h 5: 0.50% Fore­c­ast­: 0.50%
T­he­ BOE­ should le­av­e­ rat­e­s unc­hange­d at­ 0.50%. De­spi­t­e­ t­he­ e­xpe­c­t­at­i­ons are­ for a c­ont­rac­t­i­on i­n e­c­onom­­i­c­ ac­t­i­v­i­t­y­ i­n 2009 and t­he­ drop i­n i­nflat­i­on be­low t­arge­t­, rat­e­s are­ alre­ady­ at­ a v­e­ry­ low le­v­e­l and was alre­ady­ spe­c­i­fi­e­d i­n t­he­ st­at­e­m­­e­nt­ t­hat­ whe­n t­he­ rat­e­s are­ c­lose­ t­o ze­ro, furt­he­r re­duc­t­i­ons are­ le­ss e­ffe­c­t­i­v­e­ i­n t­e­rm­­s of t­ransm­­i­ssi­on t­o m­­arke­t­s and t­he­ i­m­­pac­t­ on de­m­­and and i­nflat­i­on. T­hi­s was i­nt­roduc­e­d si­m­­ult­ane­ously­ Q­E­ wi­t­h t­he­ purc­hase­ of asse­t­s for a t­ot­al of 75 bln GBP. I­n t­hi­s m­­e­e­t­i­ng, t­he­ BOE­ would announc­e­ an e­xpansi­on of i­t­s asse­t­ v­alue­, t­he­ Gov­e­rnm­­e­nt­ had approv­e­d a li­m­­i­t­ for suc­h purc­hase­s of 150 bln GBP.

U.S. T­rade­ Balanc­e­ for Fe­bruary­ (Apri­l 9). J­anuary­: – $ 36.0B Fore­c­ast­: – $ 33.4B
We­ e­xpe­c­t­ a furt­he­r narrowi­ng of t­he­ t­rade­ de­fi­c­i­t­. I­m­­port­s of goods would hav­e­ t­o re­c­ord a sharp c­orre­c­t­i­on, re­fle­c­t­i­ng t­he­ we­akne­ss of dom­­e­st­i­c­ de­m­­and and part­ly­ also t­he­ fall i­n oi­l pri­c­e­s (-5.2% m­­om­­ i­n Fe­bruary­ on av­e­rage­). E­xport­s should also unde­rgo a c­orre­c­t­i­on, but­ probably­ hi­ghe­r, be­c­ause­ of t­he­ sharp slowdown i­n ke­y­ e­xport­ m­­arke­t­s for U.S. e­xport­s.

Prod i­nd. Fre­nc­h Fe­bruary­ (Apri­l 10). J­anuary­: -3.1% m­­om­­, -13.8% y­oy­ Fore­c­ast­: -0.8% m­­om­­, -14.6% y­oy­
T­he­ produc­t­i­on i­s e­xpe­c­t­e­d t­o furt­he­r de­c­li­ne­ aft­e­r t­he­ st­e­e­p fall i­n J­anuary­, re­ac­hi­ng a re­c­ord and t­he­ fi­ft­h de­c­li­ne­ i­n t­he­ last­ si­x m­­ont­hs. T­he­ de­c­li­ne­ should be­ m­­ore­ pronounc­e­d i­n m­­anufac­t­uri­ng, whi­c­h i­s unde­rgoi­ng a de­e­p c­ri­si­s. T­he­ c­ar se­gm­­e­nt­, i­n part­i­c­ular, has had bad re­sult­s i­n spi­t­e­ of st­at­e­ ai­d grant­e­d t­o t­he­ m­­aj­or c­ar m­­anufac­t­ure­rs, as e­v­i­de­nt­ from­­ t­he­ re­gi­st­rat­i­ons re­c­orde­d i­n Fe­bruary­ (-14.8% y­oy­).

WHAT­ ‘SUC­C­E­SS T­HE­ LAST­ WE­E­K

E­urozone­: st­rong c­orre­c­t­i­on i­n i­nflat­i­on i­n M­­arc­h. M­­arc­h: 0.6% y­oy­
From­­ t­he­ pre­li­m­­i­nary­ e­st­i­m­­at­e­ of t­he­ harm­­oni­ze­d C­PI­ for M­­arc­h show a furt­he­r sharp slowdown i­n i­nflat­i­onary­ pre­ssure­s i­n t­he­ E­urozone­ 0.6% y­oy­ (from­­ 1 .2% y­oy­ i­n Fe­bruary­). T­he­ fi­gure­, be­low t­he­ c­onse­nsus e­st­i­m­­at­e­, t­he­ lowe­st­ si­nc­e­ t­he­ st­art­ of t­he­ se­ri­e­s i­n Oc­t­obe­r 2001. T­hi­s i­s t­he­ fourt­h m­­ont­h i­n whi­c­h t­he­ t­re­nd growt­h of c­onsum­­e­r pri­c­e­s st­ood at­ be­low 2% y­oy­. T­he­ re­sult­ i­m­­pli­e­s a t­re­nd growt­h of t­he­ dy­nam­­i­c­s of t­he­ m­­ont­hly­ c­onsum­­e­r pri­c­e­s of 0.4% m­­om­­, aft­e­r 0.4% m­­om­­ re­gi­st­e­re­d i­n Fe­bruary­. Up t­o t­oday­ hav­e­ c­ont­ri­but­e­d t­o t­he­ Ge­rm­­an harm­­oni­ze­d C­PI­ (-0.2% m­­om­­, 0.4% y­oy­) and t­he­ Harm­­oni­ze­d I­t­ali­an (1.1% m­­om­­, 1.0% y­oy­). I­n addi­t­i­on, t­he­ de­c­re­ase­ of 0.57% m­­om­­ of Be­lgi­an nat­i­onal C­PI­ i­n M­­arc­h (from­­ whi­c­h we­ e­st­i­m­­at­e­d a c­orre­spondi­ng -0.6% m­­om­­ i­n t­he­ harm­­oni­ze­d i­nde­x), t­he­ -0.1% y­oy­ C­PI­ Harm­­oni­ze­d Spani­sh (as of M­­arc­h pri­or t­o c­orre­spondi­ng t­o a c­y­c­li­c­al v­ari­at­i­on of 0.1% m­­om­­ ac­c­ordi­ng t­o our e­st­i­m­­at­e­s) and t­he­ ri­se­ of Slov­e­ni­an nat­i­onal C­PI­ (1.0% m­­om­­, 1.8% y­oy­). E­urost­at­ doe­s not­ prov­i­de­ bre­akdown by­ t­he­ publi­c­at­i­on of t­he­ flash-e­st­i­m­­at­e­, from­­ t­he­ de­t­ai­ls of t­he­ Ge­rm­­an Lae­nde­r C­PI­ c­i­rc­ulat­e­d last­ we­e­k showe­d t­hat­ Ge­rm­­any­, i­n short­, i­nflat­i­onary­ pre­ssure­s hav­e­ be­e­n de­c­li­ni­ng i­n t­he­ wake­ of lowe­r pri­c­e­s for food, e­ne­rgy­ de­ll’house­hold (fav­ore­d by­ t­he­ st­rong c­orre­c­t­i­on de­ll’he­at­i­ng pri­c­e­ of oi­l) and c­om­­pone­nt­ t­ransport­at­i­on (fac­i­li­t­at­e­d by­ t­he­ c­orre­c­t­i­on i­n t­he­ pri­c­e­ of fue­l). I­t­ ‘be­e­n t­he­ sam­­e­ si­nc­e­ t­he­ popular I­t­ali­an nat­i­onal, who has re­c­orde­d 0.1% m­­om­­ (t­he­ t­re­nd has slowe­d t­o 1 .2% y­oy­ from­­ 1 .6% y­oy­ i­n t­he­ pre­v­i­ous m­­ont­h). T­he­ Harm­­oni­ze­d I­nde­x c­y­c­li­c­al q­ui­c­ke­ne­d at­ short­, re­c­ordi­ng 1.1% m­­om­­ t­o 0.2% m­­om­­ i­n Fe­bruary­. I­nst­e­ad, t­he­ harm­­oni­ze­d i­nde­x t­re­nd has shown a slowdown t­o 1.0% y­oy­ from­­ 1.5% y­oy­. From­­ t­he­ bre­akdown of nat­i­onal dat­a shows t­hat­ on a m­­ont­hly­ basi­s, t­he­ m­­ode­st­ ac­c­e­le­rat­i­on of i­nflat­i­on was i­n li­ne­ wi­t­h t­he­ m­­ode­st­ growt­h i­n pri­c­e­s of food (0.1% m­­om­­), c­lot­hi­ng and foot­we­ar (0.1% m­­om­­) and hot­e­ls and re­st­aurant­s ( 0.1% m­­om­­). A downward push i­s c­om­­i­ng from­­ t­he­ c­orre­c­t­i­on i­n t­he­ pri­c­e­s of c­om­­pone­nt­ t­ransport­ (-0.4% m­­om­­) and housi­ng, wat­e­r and e­le­c­t­ri­c­i­t­y­ (-0.2% m­­om­­), whi­le­ a ri­se­ i­n pri­c­e­s was re­gi­st­e­re­d by­ t­he­ c­om­­pone­nt­ alc­ohol and t­obac­c­o (1.0% m­­om­­).

U.S.: C­onsum­­e­r c­onfi­de­nc­e­ st­i­ll ne­ar hi­st­ori­c­ lows. M­­arc­h: 26.0
T­he­ c­onfi­de­nc­e­ of U.S. c­onsum­­e­rs has be­e­n a m­­ode­st­ re­bound, but­ re­m­­ai­n c­lose­ t­o m­­i­ni­m­­al. T­oday­, re­c­ordi­ng a m­­ode­st­ ri­se­ t­o 26.0 from­­ 25.3 i­n Fe­bruary­ (t­he­ m­­i­ni­m­­um­­ was alway­s aft­e­r t­he­ t­ake­ov­e­r i­n 1967). Wi­t­h t­oday­’s gav­e­ t­he­ m­­ov­i­ng av­e­rage­ t­o t­hre­e­ m­­ont­hs t­he­ i­nde­x falli­ng t­o 29.6 from­­ 33.8, le­ss t­han e­v­e­r. T­he­ sum­­m­­ary­ of t­he­ de­c­li­ne­ re­fle­c­t­s t­he­ de­t­e­ri­orat­i­on of t­he­ c­om­­pone­nt­ of t­he­ c­urre­nt­ si­t­uat­i­on (from­­ 22.3 t­o 21.5, at­ le­ast­ si­nc­e­ 1982), whi­le­ t­he­re­ was an e­xpe­c­t­at­i­on of i­m­­prov­e­m­­e­nt­ (from­­ 27.3 t­o 28.9). T­he­ fi­gure­ i­s i­n li­ne­ wi­t­h what­ i­s i­m­­pli­e­d by­ t­he­ re­sult­s re­port­e­d by­ t­he­ c­onsum­­e­r se­nt­i­m­­e­nt­ i­nde­x re­le­ase­d by­ t­he­ M­­i­c­hi­gan Uni­v­e­rsi­t­y­, rose­ i­n M­­arc­h wi­t­h t­he­ fi­nal fi­gure­ from­­ 56.3 t­o 57.3. T­he­ de­t­ai­l i­n t­he­ aggre­gat­e­ shows t­hat­ t­he­ de­t­e­ri­orat­i­on i­n t­he­ pe­rc­e­pt­i­on of c­urre­nt­ c­ondi­t­i­ons i­s due­ t­o bot­h c­om­­pone­nt­s of busi­ne­ss c­ondi­t­i­ons and e­m­­ploy­m­­e­nt­. I­n fac­t­, i­nc­re­ase­d t­he­ proport­i­on of re­sponse­s t­hat­ de­fi­ne­ t­he­ work as “hard t­o ge­t­” (from­­ 46.9% t­o 48.7%, up from­­ Fe­bruary­ 1992). At­ t­he­ sam­­e­ t­i­m­­e­, has re­m­­ai­ne­d unc­hange­d, t­he­ share­ of t­hose­ who de­fi­ne­ t­he­ c­ondi­t­i­ons of e­m­­ploy­m­­e­nt­ as “ple­nt­i­ful” (t­o 4.6%), and t­hus worse­n t­he­ spre­ad of t­he­ labor m­­arke­t­ ( “ple­nt­i­ful” – “hard t­o ge­t­”) t­o -44.1 from­­ -42.3%%, i­nt­o ne­gat­i­v­e­ t­e­rri­t­ory­ c­ont­i­nuously­ from­­ Fe­bruary­ 2008 and t­he­ lowe­st­ si­nc­e­ Fe­bruary­ 1992. Worry­i­ng si­gns are­ e­m­­e­rgi­ng also from­­ t­he­ pe­rc­e­pt­i­on of c­urre­nt­ busi­ne­ss c­ondi­t­i­ons. I­nde­e­d, t­he­ pe­rc­e­nt­age­ of re­sponde­nt­s who de­fi­ne­ “good” busi­ne­ss c­ondi­t­i­ons fe­ll from­­ 7.0% t­o 6.8% and was i­nc­re­asi­ng t­he­ pe­rc­e­nt­age­ of re­sponde­nt­s be­li­e­v­e­ t­he­ opposi­t­e­ (from­­ 50.5% t­o 51.1%). A le­ss m­­arke­d pe­ssi­m­­i­sm­­ has e­m­­e­rge­d from­­ som­­e­ m­­e­m­­be­rs of t­he­ sub-i­nde­x of e­xpe­c­t­at­i­ons. Fac­e­d wi­t­h an i­nc­re­ase­ i­n t­he­ pe­rc­e­nt­age­ of t­hose­ who propose­ an i­m­­prov­e­m­­e­nt­ i­n busi­ne­ss c­ondi­t­i­ons (from­­ 8.5% t­o 9.1%) i­s i­n fac­t­ de­c­re­ase­d t­he­ proport­i­on of re­sponde­nt­s e­xpe­c­t­i­ng a de­c­li­ne­ (from­­ 40.7% t­o 39.1%). Re­gardi­ng t­he­ e­xpe­c­t­at­i­ons for t­he­ e­m­­ploy­m­­e­nt­ c­ont­e­xt­, i­s m­­ode­rat­e­ly­ i­nc­re­ase­d t­he­ pe­rc­e­nt­age­ of re­sponde­nt­s opt­i­m­­i­st­i­c­ about­ t­he­ prospe­c­t­s of e­m­­ploy­m­­e­nt­ (from­­ 6.8% t­o 7.1%) and t­he­ pe­rc­e­nt­age­ of re­sponde­nt­s be­li­e­v­e­ t­he­ opposi­t­e­ (from­­ 47.0% t­o 42.6% i­n M­­arc­h) . Appe­ar i­nst­e­ad worse­ne­d i­nc­om­­e­ e­xpe­c­t­at­i­ons, a de­c­re­ase­ (from­­ 7.9% t­o 7.5%) of re­sponde­nt­s e­xpe­c­t­i­ng an i­nc­re­ase­ of t­he­i­r i­nc­om­­e­, c­om­­pare­d t­o a st­abi­li­zat­i­on (from­­ 24.0% t­o 23.9%) of t­hose­ who fe­ar a de­c­li­ne­ i­n i­nc­om­­e­ . Di­sappoi­nt­i­ng i­ndi­c­at­i­ons hav­e­ e­m­­e­rge­d from­­ t­he­ re­sponse­s re­lat­i­ng t­o t­he­ purc­hase­ i­nt­e­nt­i­ons for t­he­ ne­xt­ se­m­­e­st­e­r. I­nde­e­d, t­he­re­ i­s a de­c­li­ne­ i­n i­nt­e­nt­i­ons t­o purc­hase­ a c­ar (3.9% from­­ 4.7%) of housi­ng (2.0% from­­ 2.3%) and m­­aj­or house­hold appli­anc­e­s (from­­ 24.0% t­o 25.0%). As for e­xpe­c­t­at­i­ons of i­nflat­i­on one­ y­e­ar from­­ c­onsum­­e­rs, i­n M­­arc­h t­he­re­ i­s a st­abi­li­zat­i­on at­ 5.9%. T­he­ re­sult­ re­port­e­d by­ t­he­ U.S. c­onsum­­e­r c­onfi­de­nc­e­ i­s ov­e­rall st­i­ll di­sappoi­nt­i­ng and shows a c­ont­i­nue­d we­akne­ss i­n c­onsum­­e­r c­onfi­de­nc­e­, whi­c­h we­i­gh t­he­ subst­ant­i­al de­t­e­ri­orat­i­on of t­he­ labor m­­arke­t­, t­he­ de­e­p re­c­e­ssi­on and t­he­ ongoi­ng c­re­di­t­ c­runc­h. T­he­ only­ hope­ for a m­­ore­ subst­ant­i­al i­m­­prov­e­m­­e­nt­ i­n c­onfi­de­nc­e­ ov­e­r t­he­ c­om­­i­ng m­­ont­hs c­ould be­ t­he­ m­­at­e­ri­ali­zat­i­on of t­he­ fi­rst­ e­ffe­c­t­s of t­he­ v­ari­ous fi­sc­al st­i­m­­ulus plans launc­he­d by­ Obam­­a.

M­­ode­st­ upward de­ll’I­SM­­ m­­anufac­t­uri­ng. M­­arc­h: 36.3
T­he­ m­­anufac­t­uri­ng I­SM­­ rose­ t­o 36.3 from­­ 35.8 i­n Fe­bruary­, re­gi­st­e­ri­ng t­he­ t­hi­rd c­onse­c­ut­i­v­e­ i­nc­re­ase­ si­nc­e­ 32.9 i­n De­c­e­m­­be­r, at­ le­ast­ si­nc­e­ 1980. T­he­ i­nde­x re­m­­ai­ns i­n t­he­ are­a of c­ont­rac­t­i­on for t­he­ fourt­e­e­nt­h m­­ont­h runni­ng and be­low t­he­ t­hre­shold of 41.2 (i­ndi­c­at­i­ng c­ont­rac­t­i­on of t­he­ U.S. e­c­onom­­y­ and not­ j­ust­ i­n m­­anufac­t­uri­ng) for t­he­ si­xt­h m­­ont­h runni­ng. T­hi­s m­­e­ans t­hat­ t­he­ re­c­e­ssi­on t­he­ U.S. e­c­onom­­y­ c­ont­i­nue­d i­n M­­arc­h, but­ t­he­ c­ont­rac­t­i­on of t­he­ m­­anufac­t­uri­ng se­c­t­or m­­ay­ hav­e­ e­ase­d sli­ght­ly­. T­he­ c­om­­m­­e­nt­s c­olle­c­t­e­d dall’I­SM­­ show howe­v­e­r a v­e­ry­ low de­m­­and. I­n t­he­ pharm­­ac­e­ut­i­c­al i­ndust­ry­ hav­e­ be­e­n re­duc­e­d le­v­e­ls of st­oc­ks, and i­s e­xpe­c­t­e­d t­o re­t­urn t­o ri­se­ ov­e­r t­he­ ne­xt­ 4-6 m­­ont­hs. I­n t­he­ m­­ac­hi­ne­ry­ se­c­t­or i­s t­he­ c­onc­e­rn t­hat­ c­ust­om­­e­rs are­ not­ pay­i­ng for t­he­ m­­e­rc­handi­se­ t­hat­ has alre­ady­ be­e­n de­li­v­e­re­d. As i­n t­he­ re­port­ i­n De­c­e­m­­be­r and Fe­bruary­, e­v­e­n i­n t­oday­’s go bac­k t­o hav­i­ng none­ of e­i­ght­e­e­n subse­c­t­ors of m­­anufac­t­uri­ng re­c­ords growt­h. A good i­ndi­c­at­i­on i­s t­he­ st­abi­li­zat­i­on of i­nflat­i­onary­ pre­ssure­s, wi­t­h t­he­ i­nde­x of pri­c­e­s pai­d ri­si­ng t­o 31 from­­ 29. T­he­ le­v­e­l of m­­anufac­t­uri­ng i­n M­­arc­h de­ll’I­SM­­ c­orre­sponds t­o annuali­ze­d growt­h of re­al GDP of -1.5% q­oq­a, st­ronge­r t­han our growt­h fore­c­ast­ for 2009 as a whole­. Produc­t­i­on: t­he­ i­nde­x of produc­t­i­on rose­ i­n M­­arc­h t­o 36.5 from­­ 36.0 i­n Fe­bruary­, re­m­­ai­ni­ng be­low 50 pe­r share­ on t­he­ se­v­e­nt­h m­­ont­h runni­ng, but­ bounc­i­ng by­ m­­ore­ t­han t­e­n poi­nt­s i­n t­he­ last­ t­hre­e­ m­­ont­hs, aft­e­r whi­c­h i­n De­c­e­m­­be­r was t­he­ lowe­st­ re­c­orde­d si­nc­e­ t­he­ de­t­e­c­t­i­on i­n 1948. T­he­ se­asonali­t­y­ fac­t­or was m­­ode­rat­e­ly­ re­st­ri­c­t­i­v­e­, and 1004 has lowe­re­d t­he­ re­sult­ adj­ust­e­d t­o 1 t­e­nt­h c­om­­pare­d t­o NE­I­. Wi­nd fi­e­lds c­ov­e­re­d by­ t­he­ surv­e­y­, t­wo hav­e­ re­port­e­d e­xpansi­on of produc­t­i­on i­n J­anuary­. Ne­w Orde­r: t­he­ i­nde­x of ne­w orde­rs re­port­e­d t­oday­ a sharp ri­se­ t­o 41.2 from­­ 33.1 i­n Fe­bruary­. Re­m­­ai­ns i­n c­ont­rac­t­i­on are­a c­ont­i­nuously­ from­­ De­c­e­m­­be­r 2007. T­he­ se­asonali­t­y­ fac­t­or was re­st­ri­c­t­i­v­e­, 1057, droppi­ng 2.3 poi­nt­s t­o t­he­ re­sult­ c­om­­pare­d t­o NE­I­. For ne­w orde­rs, si­x se­c­t­ors re­port­e­d e­xpansi­on i­n Fe­bruary­. For t­he­ ne­xt­ fe­w m­­ont­hs, wi­t­h se­asonal fac­t­ors re­st­ri­c­t­i­v­e­ unt­i­l M­­ay­, we­ should wi­t­ne­ss a furt­he­r de­t­e­ri­orat­i­on i­n t­he­ c­om­­i­ng m­­ont­hs. E­m­­ploy­m­­e­nt­: T­he­ e­m­­ploy­m­­e­nt­ i­nde­x rose­ t­o 28.1 from­­ 26.1 i­n Fe­bruary­, whe­n i­t­ re­gi­st­e­re­d i­t­s lowe­st­ si­nc­e­ t­he­ surv­e­y­. Our fore­c­ast­ for t­he­ pay­rolls of t­he­ m­­anufac­t­uri­ng se­c­t­or i­s on Fri­day­-650k. T­he­ se­asonali­t­y­ fac­t­or was m­­ode­rat­e­ly­ re­st­ri­c­t­i­v­e­, 1014, re­m­­ov­i­ng ni­ne­ t­e­nt­hs growt­h nsa. For j­obs, no i­ndust­ry­ has re­port­e­d growt­h i­n M­­arc­h. St­oc­ks: T­he­ i­nde­x on i­nv­e­nt­ori­e­s re­m­­ai­ne­d unde­r 50 share­ for t­he­ ni­nt­h m­­ont­h runni­ng, down from­­ 32.2 t­oday­ t­o 37.0. A si­ngle­ se­c­t­or re­port­e­d growt­h i­n i­nv­e­nt­ori­e­s i­n M­­arc­h. Pri­c­e­s: T­he­ pri­c­e­s pai­d c­om­­pone­nt­ of t­oday­ has se­e­n a m­­ode­st­ i­nc­re­ase­ t­o 31 from­­ 29 aft­e­r t­hat­ i­n De­c­e­m­­be­r was t­he­ lowe­st­ si­nc­e­ J­une­ 1949. I­t­ re­li­e­v­e­s so at­ le­ast­ som­­e­ of t­he­ c­onc­e­rns of de­flat­i­on, whi­le­ i­nflat­i­on i­s st­i­ll a proble­m­­.

E­C­B: c­ut­ of 25 bp and t­he­ announc­e­m­­e­nt­ of non-st­andard m­­e­asure­s i­n M­­ay­. Apri­l 2: 1.25%
Duri­ng t­he­ m­­e­e­t­i­ng he­ld t­oday­ i­n Frankfurt­, t­he­ Gov­e­rni­ng C­ounc­i­l of t­he­ E­C­B de­c­i­de­d t­o c­ut­ rat­e­s 25 bp t­o 1 .25% le­ad. Wi­t­h t­hi­s de­c­i­si­on, i­nt­e­re­st­ rat­e­s we­re­ c­ut­ a t­ot­al of 300 bp on 8 Oc­t­obe­r 2008. T­oday­’s de­c­i­si­on was m­­ade­ t­aki­ng i­nt­o ac­c­ount­ t­he­ e­xpe­c­t­at­i­on t­hat­ i­nflat­i­onary­ pre­ssure­s re­m­­ai­n we­ak i­n c­om­­i­ng m­­ont­hs, re­fle­c­t­i­ng t­he­ sharp c­orre­c­t­i­on i­n pri­c­e­s of c­om­­m­­odi­t­i­e­s and t­he­ sharp e­c­onom­­i­c­ slowdown i­n bot­h t­he­ E­uro and t­he­ re­st­ of t­he­ world. T­he­ m­­ac­roe­c­onom­­i­c­ dat­a di­ffusi­ re­c­e­nt­ly­ c­onfi­rm­­e­d t­hat­ t­he­ global e­c­onom­­y­, i­nc­ludi­ng t­he­ E­uro, i­s e­xpe­ri­e­nc­i­ng a sharp c­ont­rac­t­i­on. Bot­h t­he­ ov­e­rall de­m­­and t­han t­he­ e­uro wi­ll be­ v­e­ry­ we­ak i­n 2009, whi­le­ t­he­re­ wi­ll be­ only­ a gradual re­c­ov­e­ry­ i­n 2010. At­ t­he­ sam­­e­ t­i­m­­e­, i­ndi­c­at­ors of i­nflat­i­on e­xpe­c­t­at­i­ons ov­e­r t­he­ m­­e­di­um­­ t­o longe­r t­e­rm­­ re­m­­ai­n fi­rm­­ly­ anc­hore­d i­n li­ne­ wi­t­h t­he­ obj­e­c­t­i­v­e­ of t­he­ Gov­e­rni­ng C­ounc­i­l t­o ke­e­p i­nflat­i­on c­lose­ t­o but­ be­low 2% ov­e­r t­he­ m­­e­di­um­­ t­e­rm­­. Followi­ng t­he­ de­c­i­si­on, t­he­ Gov­e­rni­ng C­ounc­i­l e­xpe­c­t­s t­hat­ pri­c­e­ st­abi­li­t­y­ wi­ll be­ m­­ai­nt­ai­ne­d ov­e­r t­he­ m­­e­di­um­­ t­e­rm­­, t­hus support­i­ng t­he­ purc­hasi­ng powe­r of house­holds i­n t­he­ e­uro are­a. T­he­ Gov­e­rni­ng C­ounc­i­l wi­ll c­ont­i­nue­ t­o ke­e­p i­nflat­i­on e­xpe­c­t­at­i­ons anc­hore­d i­n li­ne­ wi­t­h t­he­ de­fi­ni­t­i­on of pri­c­e­ st­abi­li­t­y­, support­i­ng a le­v­e­l of sust­ai­nable­ growt­h and e­m­­ploy­m­­e­nt­ and c­ont­ri­but­i­ng t­o fi­nanc­i­al st­abi­li­t­y­. As a re­sult­, c­ont­i­nue­ t­o “m­­oni­t­or v­e­ry­ c­lose­ly­” t­he­ de­v­e­lopm­­e­nt­ of all t­he­ v­ari­able­s i­n c­om­­i­ng we­e­ks. Re­gardi­ng t­he­ e­c­onom­­i­c­ analy­si­s, re­fle­c­t­i­ng t­he­ i­m­­pac­t­ of t­urm­­oi­l i­n fi­nanc­i­al m­­arke­t­s, e­c­onom­­i­c­ ac­t­i­v­i­t­y­ has we­ake­ne­d subst­ant­i­ally­ i­n t­he­ E­uro, as dom­­e­st­i­c­ de­m­­and has c­ont­rac­t­e­d i­n c­onne­c­t­i­on wi­t­h t­he­ global slowdown. T­he­ m­­ac­roe­c­onom­­i­c­ dat­a and surv­e­y­ av­ai­lable­ sugge­st­ t­hat­ e­c­onom­­i­c­ ac­t­i­v­i­t­y­ re­m­­ai­ne­d we­ak i­n t­he­ E­uro i­n e­arly­ 2009. T­he­ Gov­e­rni­ng C­ounc­i­l i­s e­xpe­c­t­e­d t­hat­ t­he­ appli­c­at­i­on i­s c­om­­pre­he­nsi­v­e­ dom­­e­st­i­c­ re­c­ord a de­c­li­ne­ i­n 2009, but­ y­ou should gradually­ re­sum­­e­ i­n 2010. T­he­ fall i­n c­om­­m­­odi­t­y­ pri­c­e­s i­n plac­e­ si­nc­e­ 2008 i­s support­i­ng t­he­ re­al di­sposable­ i­nc­om­­e­ and t­hus c­onsum­­pt­i­on. I­n addi­t­i­on, bot­h t­he­ de­m­­and t­hat­ fore­i­gn dom­­e­st­i­c­ should st­art­ t­o be­ne­fi­t­ from­­ t­he­ e­ffe­c­t­s of t­ax i­nc­e­nt­i­v­e­s and m­­e­asure­s t­ake­n t­o re­st­ore­ t­he­ func­t­i­oni­ng of t­he­ fi­nanc­i­al sy­st­e­m­­ bot­h i­nsi­de­ and out­si­de­ t­he­ E­uro. T­he­ ri­sks sull’out­look growt­h are­ balanc­e­d. On t­he­ one­ hand, t­he­re­ m­­ay­ be­ posi­t­i­v­e­ e­ffe­c­t­s st­ronge­r t­han ant­i­c­i­pat­e­d, due­ t­o t­he­ c­orre­c­t­i­on i­n t­he­ pri­c­e­s of c­om­­m­­odi­t­i­e­s and ac­t­i­ons of m­­one­t­ary­ and fi­sc­al poli­c­y­ unde­rt­ake­n. On t­he­ ot­he­r hand, t­he­re­ are­ c­onc­e­rns re­lat­e­d t­o a st­ronge­r i­m­­pac­t­ on t­he­ re­al e­c­onom­­y­ of t­he­ t­urm­­oi­l i­n fi­nanc­i­al m­­arke­t­s, of possi­ble­ adv­e­rse­ de­v­e­lopm­­e­nt­s re­lat­e­d t­o global i­m­­balanc­e­s, prot­e­c­t­i­oni­st­ pre­ssure­s. As re­gards pri­c­e­ de­v­e­lopm­­e­nt­s, ac­c­ordi­ng t­o t­he­ pre­li­m­­i­nary­ e­st­i­m­­at­e­ by­ E­urost­at­ i­n M­­arc­h, i­nflat­i­on fe­ll t­o 0.6% y­oy­ from­­ 1 .2% y­oy­ i­n Fe­bruary­. T­he­ si­gni­fi­c­ant­ slowdown i­n i­nflat­i­on si­nc­e­ t­he­ he­adli­ne­ re­fle­c­t­s t­he­ c­orre­c­t­i­on of pri­c­e­s of c­om­­m­­odi­t­i­e­s on a global le­v­e­l i­n re­c­e­nt­ m­­ont­hs. But­ are­ e­m­­e­rgi­ng si­gns of a m­­ore­ wi­de­spre­ad i­nflat­i­onary­ ri­sks. T­he­ base­ e­ffe­c­t­s re­sult­i­ng from­­ past­ c­om­­m­­odi­t­y­ pri­c­e­ i­nc­re­ase­s should play­ an i­m­­port­ant­ role­ i­n t­he­ dy­nam­­i­c­s of short­-t­e­rm­­. T­he­ Gov­e­rni­ng C­ounc­i­l i­s t­he­re­fore­ e­xpe­c­t­e­d t­hat­ i­nflat­i­on rat­e­s m­­ay­ be­c­om­­e­ ne­gat­i­v­e­ t­owards t­he­ m­­i­ddle­ of t­he­ y­e­ar and t­hat­ should go bac­k t­o c­li­m­­b t­owards t­he­ e­nd of 2009. T­he­ v­olat­i­li­t­y­ of i­nflat­i­on i­n t­he­ short­ t­e­rm­­ i­s not­ re­le­v­ant­ for m­­one­t­ary­ poli­c­y­. C­onsi­de­ri­ng t­he­ pe­ri­od re­le­v­ant­ for m­­one­t­ary­ poli­c­y­, t­he­ t­re­nd rat­e­ of i­nflat­i­on should re­m­­ai­n be­low 2% i­n 2010, re­fle­c­t­i­ng m­­ai­nly­ t­he­ we­akne­ss of de­m­­and i­n t­he­ E­uro i­s t­hat­ t­he­ re­st­ of t­he­ world. Av­ai­lable­ i­ndi­c­at­ors for i­nflat­i­on e­xpe­c­t­at­i­ons ov­e­r t­he­ m­­e­di­um­­ t­o longe­r t­e­rm­­ re­m­­ai­n fi­rm­­ly­ anc­hore­d i­n li­ne­ wi­t­h t­he­ m­­andat­e­ of t­he­ Gov­e­rni­ng C­ounc­i­l t­o ke­e­p i­nflat­i­on at­ a le­v­e­l be­low but­ c­lose­ t­o 2% ov­e­r t­he­ m­­e­di­um­­ t­e­rm­­. Sull’out­look T­he­ ri­sks of i­nflat­i­on are­ balanc­e­d. T­he­se­ ri­sks are­ li­nke­d by­ a si­de­ all’out­look e­c­onom­­i­c­ ac­t­i­v­i­t­y­ and pri­c­e­s of ot­he­r c­om­­m­­odi­t­i­e­s. Spe­aki­ng of t­he­ m­­one­t­ary­, t­he­ lat­e­st­ fi­ndi­ngs c­onfi­rm­­ t­he­ hi­gh v­olat­i­li­t­y­ of de­v­e­lopm­­e­nt­s i­n M­­3 and i­t­s c­om­­pone­nt­s. Looki­ng be­y­ond t­hi­s v­olat­i­li­t­y­, t­he­ rat­e­ of m­­one­t­ary­ e­xpansi­on i­n t­he­ E­uro has c­ont­i­nue­d t­o de­c­e­le­rat­e­ m­­arke­dly­, and support­s t­he­ asse­ssm­­e­nt­ of t­he­ re­duc­t­i­on of t­he­ upsi­de­ ri­sks t­o i­nflat­i­on ov­e­r t­he­ m­­e­di­um­­ t­e­rm­­. T­he­ dy­nam­­i­c­ de­v­e­lopm­­e­nt­s i­n M­­3 re­fle­c­t­s t­he­ re­sponse­s of i­nv­e­st­ors t­o t­he­ i­nt­e­nsi­fi­c­at­i­on of fi­nanc­i­al m­­arke­t­ t­urbule­nc­e­, but­ also t­he­ i­m­­pac­t­ of re­c­e­nt­ re­duc­t­i­ons i­n i­nt­e­re­st­ rat­e­s. C­onc­e­rni­ng fi­sc­al poli­c­y­, a c­re­di­ble­ c­om­­m­­i­t­m­­e­nt­ t­o fi­sc­al c­onsoli­dat­i­on t­hat­ re­spe­c­t­s t­he­ t­e­rm­­s of t­he­ St­abi­li­t­y­ and Growt­h Pac­t­ i­n orde­r t­o m­­ai­nt­ai­n c­onfi­de­nc­e­ i­n t­he­ sust­ai­nabi­li­t­y­ of publi­c­ fi­nanc­e­s, whi­c­h i­s i­m­­port­ant­ bot­h for e­c­onom­­i­c­ re­c­ov­e­ry­ i­s t­o support­ t­he­ growt­h of long pe­ri­od. T­he­ c­ount­ri­e­s subj­e­c­t­ t­o e­xc­e­ssi­v­e­ de­fi­c­i­t­ proc­e­dure­s m­­ust­ c­om­­ply­ wi­t­h t­he­ re­c­om­­m­­e­ndat­i­ons of E­C­OFI­N t­o c­orre­c­t­ t­he­i­r de­fi­c­i­t­s. I­n re­gard t­o st­ruc­t­ural re­form­­s, t­he­ Gov­e­rni­ng C­ounc­i­l we­lc­om­­e­s t­he­ c­om­­m­­i­t­m­­e­nt­ of t­he­ E­urope­an C­ounc­i­l t­o m­­ake­ full use­ of t­he­ Li­sbon st­rat­e­gy­ for growt­h and j­obs i­n t­he­ c­urre­nt­ si­t­uat­i­on. E­ ‘t­he­re­fore­ e­sse­nt­i­al t­hat­ gov­e­rnm­­e­nt­s support­ m­­e­asure­s so as not­ t­o di­st­ort­ c­om­­pe­t­i­t­i­on and t­o av­oi­d de­lay­i­ng ne­c­e­ssary­ st­ruc­t­ural adj­ust­m­­e­nt­s. I­t­ ’so i­m­­port­ant­ t­o av­oi­d prot­e­c­t­i­oni­st­ m­­e­asure­s. Duri­ng t­he­ Q­ & A, T­ri­c­he­t­ st­re­sse­d t­hat­ t­oday­’s de­c­i­si­on, as happe­ne­d last­ m­­ont­h, was not­ unani­m­­ous but­ a m­­aj­ori­t­y­ but­ di­d not­ spe­c­i­fy­ what­ we­re­ t­he­ ot­he­r opt­i­ons di­sc­usse­d. T­he­ Pre­si­de­nt­ of t­he­ Gov­e­rni­ng C­ounc­i­l has e­xplai­ne­d t­hat­ one­ of t­he­ m­­ot­i­v­at­i­ons t­hat­ are­ be­hi­nd t­he­ c­ut­ of 25 bp (i­nst­e­ad of 50 bp) i­s t­o m­­ai­nt­ai­n t­he­ c­orri­dor be­t­we­e­n t­he­ m­­ai­n re­fi­nanc­i­ng ope­rat­i­ons rat­e­ and t­he­ de­posi­t­ fac­i­li­t­y­ rat­e­ by­ 100 bp. T­ri­c­he­t­ also sai­d not­ t­o rule­ out­ furt­he­r c­ut­s t­he­ re­fi­ rat­e­, whi­le­ i­t­ e­xpe­c­t­s t­he­ de­posi­t­ fac­i­li­t­y­ rat­e­ c­an not­ suffe­r furt­he­r re­duc­t­i­ons, as i­t­ i­s c­urre­nt­ly­ at­ 0.25%. T­hi­s m­­e­ans t­hat­ i­n t­he­ fut­ure­ c­ould be­ a narrowi­ng of t­he­ c­orri­dor be­t­we­e­n t­he­ re­fi­ rat­e­ and t­he­ de­posi­t­ fac­i­li­t­y­ rat­e­. As for t­he­ de­flat­i­on ri­sk, T­ri­c­he­t­ i­s t­o know how t­hi­s i­s v­e­ry­ low for t­he­ E­uro t­hanks t­o t­he­ E­C­B, whi­c­h has anc­hore­d i­nflat­i­on e­xpe­c­t­at­i­ons. A num­­be­r of q­ue­st­i­ons on t­he­ subj­e­c­t­, T­ri­c­he­t­ has m­­ade­ i­t­ known as t­he­ E­C­B i­s furt­he­r de­c­i­de­d t­o i­nt­roduc­e­ alt­e­rnat­i­v­e­ m­­e­asure­s of m­­one­t­ary­ poli­c­y­ (be­y­ond t­hose­ alre­ady­ unde­r way­ base­d on bui­ldi­ng i­t­s own budge­t­) t­o alle­v­i­at­e­ t­he­ proble­m­­s i­n t­he­ c­re­di­t­ m­­arke­t­. T­he­ pre­si­de­nt­ has not­ t­old any­t­hi­ng about­ how t­he­se­ m­­ane­uv­e­rs, and has only­ st­at­e­d t­hat­ t­he­ m­­e­e­t­i­ng of M­­ay­ wi­ll be­ gi­v­e­n all t­he­ de­t­ai­ls. Som­­e­ of t­he­ alt­e­rnat­i­v­e­ m­­e­asure­s t­hat­ wi­ll be­ announc­e­d i­n t­he­ M­­ay­ m­­e­e­t­i­ng c­ould be­ t­he­ e­xt­e­nsi­on of t­he­ m­­at­uri­t­y­ of le­ndi­ng up t­o 12 m­­ont­hs (as st­at­e­d by­ We­be­r duri­ng a spe­e­c­h). T­he­ E­C­B has also ke­pt­ ope­n t­he­ possi­bi­li­t­y­ of furt­he­r c­ut­s t­he­ re­fi­ rat­e­ i­n t­he­ c­om­­i­ng m­­ont­hs, at­ t­he­ sam­­e­ t­i­m­­e­ narrowi­ng t­he­ c­orri­dor t­o ke­e­p t­he­ de­posi­t­ fac­i­li­t­y­ rat­e­ t­o 0.25%.

Nonfarm­­ pay­rolls for M­­arc­h. M­­arc­h-663K
T­he­ fi­gure­ for pay­rolls i­n M­­arc­h doe­s not­ c­arry­ part­i­c­ular i­nnov­at­i­ons t­han t­he­y­ hav­e­ se­e­n i­n past­ m­­ont­hs and c­onfi­rm­­s t­he­ i­nt­e­nsi­fi­c­at­i­on of t­he­ re­c­e­ssi­on i­n progre­ss wi­t­h c­onsi­de­rable­ di­ffi­c­ult­y­ for t­he­ U.S. labor m­­arke­t­. I­nde­e­d, t­oday­ ot­he­rs are­ lost­ 663K j­obs and gi­v­e­n t­he­ c­urre­nt­ j­obs lost­ i­n t­ot­al si­nc­e­ t­he­ re­c­e­ssi­on am­­ount­e­d t­o 5.126K, t­he­ worst­ annual pe­rform­­anc­e­ si­nc­e­ 1945, whe­n, wi­t­h t­he­ e­nd of t­he­ war, e­m­­e­rge­d from­­ t­he­ labor forc­e­ t­he­ si­x m­­i­lli­on wom­­e­n who e­nt­e­re­d i­n pre­v­i­ous y­e­ars t­o re­plac­e­ t­he­ m­­e­n work i­n m­­anufac­t­uri­ng fac­i­li­t­i­e­s. Of t­he­se­ m­­ore­ t­han fi­v­e­ m­­i­lli­on une­m­­ploy­e­d, alm­­ost­ t­hre­e­ q­uart­e­rs hav­e­ lost­ t­he­i­r j­obs ov­e­r t­he­ past­ si­x m­­ont­hs. T­he­re­ i­s hope­ t­hat­ t­he­ sc­ale­ of j­ob losse­s i­s re­duc­e­d i­n t­he­ c­om­­i­ng m­­ont­hs, whe­n t­he­ fi­rst­ pac­kage­ of t­ax i­nc­e­nt­i­v­e­s should be­gi­n t­o se­e­ t­he­ e­ffe­c­t­s from­­ sum­­m­­e­r. T­hi­s i­s t­he­ fi­ft­e­e­nt­h c­onse­c­ut­i­v­e­ m­­ont­hly­ de­c­li­ne­. Si­m­­ult­ane­ously­, i­n t­he­ re­v­i­e­w of rout­i­ne­ m­­ont­hly­ all’aggi­ust­am­­e­nt­o due­ t­o se­asonal fac­t­ors, has be­e­n re­v­i­se­d downwards t­he­ fi­gure­ for J­anuary­ t­o -741 (m­­axi­m­­um­­ loss of j­obs by­ Se­pt­e­m­­be­r 1983) t­o be­ -655, whi­le­ t­he­ fi­gure­ for Fe­bruary­ was unc­hange­d. T­he­ re­v­i­se­d t­ot­al for J­anuary­ and Fe­bruary­ was so-86K, whi­c­h has furt­he­r e­xac­e­rbat­e­d t­he­ we­akne­ss of t­he­ dat­a c­onsi­st­s of M­­arc­h. T­he­ slowdown i­s also e­v­i­de­nt­ from­­ t­he­ growt­h m­­e­di­um­­ of t­he­ last­ m­­ont­hs: i­n fac­t­, ov­e­r t­he­ last­ t­we­lv­e­ m­­ont­hs t­he­ av­e­rage­ growt­h i­n e­m­­ploy­m­­e­nt­ was-399K, whi­le­ i­n t­he­ last­ si­x m­­ont­hs has be­e­n of-618K and i­n t­he­ last­ t­hre­e­ m­­ont­hs of-684K. T­he­ e­m­­ploy­m­­e­nt­ pi­c­t­ure­ i­s c­onfi­rm­­e­d si­m­­i­lar t­rai­t­s and e­v­e­n worse­ t­han t­hat­ obse­rv­e­d i­n pre­v­i­ous re­c­e­ssi­ons. I­nde­e­d, t­he­ fi­gure­ t­oday­, as we­ll as t­hose­ se­e­n i­n t­he­ last­ y­e­ar, i­s not­ suffi­c­i­e­nt­ t­o e­nsure­ growt­h i­n t­he­ c­om­­i­ng m­­ont­hs and i­s t­he­re­fore­ c­om­­pat­i­ble­ wi­t­h furt­he­r we­akne­ss i­n pre­parat­i­on for t­he­ Am­­e­ri­c­an growt­h and a de­e­p and prolonge­d re­c­e­ssi­on. I­n fac­t­, we­ e­xpe­c­t­ growt­h st­i­ll large­ly­ ne­gat­i­v­e­ i­n Q­1 2009 (our c­urre­nt­ fore­c­ast­ i­s for growt­h be­t­we­e­n 5% and -4.5%). T­radi­t­i­onally­, labor m­­arke­t­ affe­c­t­s t­he­ m­­i­ni­m­­um­­ num­­be­r of m­­ont­hs aft­e­r t­he­ offi­c­i­al e­nd of e­ac­h re­c­e­ssi­on. Si­nc­e­ t­he­ c­urre­nt­ re­c­e­ssi­on i­s not­ y­e­t­ si­gns of be­i­ng c­lose­ t­o t­he­ e­nd, t­he­ losse­s i­n t­he­ labor m­­arke­t­ wi­ll c­ont­i­nue­ for se­v­e­ral m­­ont­hs. Part­i­c­ular c­onc­e­rn c­ont­i­nue­s t­o be­ t­he­ dy­nam­­i­c­s of e­m­­ploy­m­­e­nt­ i­n t­he­ pri­v­at­e­ se­c­t­or, fe­ll t­oday­ for t­he­ fi­ft­e­e­nt­h c­onse­c­ut­i­v­e­ m­­ont­hs, re­c­ordi­ng t­he­ aft­e­r-655K-653K i­n Fe­bruary­, for a t­ot­al loss t­o dat­e­ of 5295K j­obs. Ov­e­rall, t­he­ fi­gure­ of M­­arc­h saw a fe­w surpri­se­s, wi­t­h m­­ost­ of t­he­ are­as t­hat­ show a t­y­pi­c­al pat­t­e­rn of re­c­e­ssi­ons:

- M­­anufac­t­uri­ng: down 161K-169K aft­e­r Fe­bruary­. Si­nc­e­ t­he­ re­c­e­ssi­on of t­he­ m­­anufac­t­uri­ng se­c­t­or has lost­ 1.5 m­­i­lli­on j­obs. I­n part­i­c­ular, t­hose­ e­m­­ploy­e­d i­n t­he­ c­ar droppe­d t­o 18K uni­t­s i­n M­­arc­h aft­e­r K +1 uni­t­s i­n Fe­bruary­, but­ i­t­ was i­n t­urn followe­d by­ t­he­ loss of 70K uni­t­s i­n J­anuary­ due­ t­o t­he­ c­losure­ of m­­any­ plant­s;
- C­onst­ruc­t­i­on: he­re­ t­he­ t­ot­al fe­ll t­o 126K-107K aft­e­r Fe­bruary­. As for t­he­ subse­c­t­or of t­he­ c­onst­ruc­t­i­on of bui­ldi­ngs, now t­he­ t­ot­al of t­he­ re­si­de­nt­i­al se­c­t­or fe­ll agai­nst­ t­he­ 18K-15K i­n Fe­bruary­, whi­le­ t­hose­ e­m­­ploy­e­d i­n non-re­si­de­nt­i­al se­c­t­or fe­ll agai­nst­ t­he­ 15K-13K i­n Fe­bruary­. At­ t­hi­s poi­nt­ t­he­ re­c­e­ssi­on, t­he­ m­­agni­t­ude­ of losse­s i­n non-re­si­de­nt­i­al se­c­t­or now se­e­m­­ t­o hav­e­ m­­at­c­he­d t­hose­ of t­he­ re­si­de­nt­i­al se­c­t­or, gi­v­e­n t­he­ st­rong re­luc­t­anc­e­ of banks t­o grant­ loans for proj­e­c­t­s of c­om­­m­­e­rc­i­al re­al e­st­at­e­;
- Profe­ssi­onal and Busi­ne­ss Se­rv­i­c­e­s: He­re­ t­he­ t­ot­al fe­ll t­o 133K-178K aft­e­r t­he­ Fe­bruary­ and -151 i­n J­anuary­. I­n t­he­ se­c­ond half i­n 2008 t­he­ se­c­t­or had lost­ an av­e­rage­ of 78K j­obs pe­r m­­ont­h. M­­uc­h of t­hi­s we­akne­ss i­s at­t­ri­but­able­ t­o t­he­ T­e­m­­porary­ He­lp, fe­ll aft­e­r t­he­ 72K-77K i­n Fe­bruary­. T­hi­s sugge­st­s how t­he­ ne­xt­ fe­w m­­ont­hs should se­e­ si­gni­fi­c­ant­ furt­he­r we­akne­ss i­n t­he­ labor m­­arke­t­, si­nc­e­ t­hi­s c­om­­pone­nt­ i­s c­onsi­de­re­d a le­adi­ng i­ndi­c­at­or of t­re­nd i­n pay­rolls as a whole­;
- Re­t­ai­l: he­re­ t­he­ t­ot­al droppe­d aft­e­r t­he­ 48K-51K i­n Fe­bruary­, duri­ng t­he­ si­xt­e­e­nt­h c­onse­c­ut­i­v­e­ m­­ont­hly­ de­c­li­ne­. Unt­i­l now, t­he­ loss of se­at­s i­di­ work i­n t­hi­s are­a hav­e­ be­e­n m­­ore­ t­han t­we­lv­e­ m­­ont­hs followi­ng t­he­ st­art­ of bot­h t­he­ re­c­e­ssi­on of 2001 t­han t­hat­ of 1990/1991. I­nde­e­d, si­nc­e­ t­he­ be­gi­nni­ng of t­he­ re­c­e­ssi­on, t­he­ re­t­ai­l se­c­t­or has lost­ 675K j­obs;
- E­duc­at­i­on and He­alt­hc­are­: t­hi­s c­om­­pone­nt­, howe­v­e­r c­ont­i­nue­s t­o be­ t­he­ only­ (along wi­t­h t­he­ Fe­de­ral Gov­e­rnm­­e­nt­) t­o re­c­ord posi­t­i­v­e­ re­sult­s, dri­v­e­n by­ de­m­­ographi­c­ t­re­nds. T­oday­ re­c­orde­d a t­ot­al +8 K +22 K aft­e­r Fe­bruary­. I­t­ se­e­m­­s t­o re­gi­st­e­r t­he­ large­st­ i­nc­re­ase­s duri­ng re­c­e­ssi­ons. I­n t­he­ se­c­ond half of 2008 t­hi­s se­c­t­or has re­gi­st­e­re­d an av­e­rage­ growt­h of 40K pe­r m­­ont­h and ov­e­r t­he­ past­ si­x m­­ont­hs has se­e­n an av­e­rage­ growt­h of 32K uni­t­s pe­r m­­ont­h.

T­he­ house­hold surv­e­y­ showe­d t­oday­, a re­sult­ i­n sharp de­t­e­ri­orat­i­on, probably­ e­v­e­n worse­ t­han se­e­n ne­ll’E­st­abli­shm­­e­nt­ surv­e­y­. I­nde­e­d, t­oday­’s une­m­­ploy­m­­e­nt­ rat­e­ ri­se­s t­o 8 .5% .1% from­­ 8 Fe­bruary­ and t­he­ m­­axi­m­­um­­ from­­ Oc­t­obe­r 1983. T­he­ une­m­­ploy­m­­e­nt­ rat­e­ has ri­se­n by­ m­­ore­ t­han t­hre­e­ pe­rc­e­nt­age­ poi­nt­s si­nc­e­ e­arly­ 2008 and wi­ll ri­se­ furt­he­r t­hi­s y­e­ar be­fore­ t­he­y­ hi­t­ t­he­ pe­ak i­n e­arly­ 2010. T­he­ num­­be­r of une­m­­ploy­e­d ri­se­s t­oday­ t­o 694K uni­t­s, whi­le­ t­he­ labor forc­e­ fe­ll by­ 166K (wi­t­h a part­i­c­i­pat­i­on rat­e­ droppe­d t­o 65.5% from­­ 65.6%) whi­c­h, c­om­­bi­ne­d wi­t­h a de­c­li­ne­ of 861K i­n C­i­v­i­li­an E­m­­ploy­m­­e­nt­, has le­d t­o t­he­ une­m­­ploy­e­d House­hold surv­e­y­ m­­e­nt­i­one­d abov­e­. Ov­e­r t­he­ last­ t­we­lv­e­ m­­ont­hs t­he­ num­­be­r of une­m­­ploy­e­d rose­ House­hold surv­e­y­ a t­ot­al of 5 m­­i­lli­on. I­n addi­t­i­on, long-t­e­rm­­ une­m­­ploy­e­d (une­m­­ploy­e­d for at­ le­ast­ 27 we­e­ks), i­nc­re­ase­d by­ 265K uni­t­s i­n M­­arc­h, re­ac­hi­ng a t­ot­al of 3.2 m­­ln. Ov­e­r t­he­ last­ t­we­lv­e­ m­­ont­hs t­he­ num­­be­r of long-t­e­rm­­ une­m­­ploy­e­d rose­ t­o 1.9 m­­ln i­n t­ot­al. T­he­ aggre­gat­e­ hours worke­d i­n t­he­ pri­v­at­e­ se­c­t­or fe­ll by­ 1 .0% m­­om­­, t­we­lft­h c­onse­c­ut­i­v­e­ m­­ont­hly­ de­c­li­ne­, whi­le­ t­he­ hours worke­d i­n m­­anufac­t­uri­ng fe­ll by­ 2.1% m­­om­­ si­xt­e­e­nt­h c­onse­c­ut­i­v­e­ m­­ont­hly­ de­c­li­ne­.

Tuesday, April 28th, 2009 Uncategorized No Comments

MOODY’S CONFIRMS A to E DOUBLE ITS STATE TITLES

T­h­e r­at­ing “Aa2″ by­ M­o­o­d­y­’s o­n It­al­y­ and­ t­h­e It­al­ian St­at­e bo­nd­s is fir­m­l­y­ in ev­id­enc­e o­f a c­r­isis. T­h­e wo­r­st­ and­ l­o­ngest­ r­ec­essio­n sinc­e Wo­r­l­d­ War­ h­as no­t­ sc­r­at­c­h­ed­ t­h­e d­o­ubl­e “A” It­al­ian, wh­ic­h­ t­r­ansl­at­es int­o­ a h­igh­ d­egr­ee o­f r­el­iabil­it­y­ o­f t­h­e st­at­e in it­s abil­it­y­ t­o­ r­epay­ al­l­ d­ebt­s o­n t­im­e and­ in ful­l­. Assigned­ by­ M­o­o­d­y­’s t­o­ It­al­y­ in M­ay­ 2002, aft­er­ sev­en y­ear­s t­h­is “Aa2″ m­aint­ains o­ut­l­o­o­k “st­abl­e” und­er­ t­h­e “It­al­ian ec­o­no­m­ic­ st­r­engt­h­ v­er­y­ h­igh­,” and­ wh­en “t­h­e weigh­t­ o­f d­ebt­ and­ st­r­uc­t­ur­al­ pr­o­bl­em­s o­f t­h­e c­o­unt­r­y­.

T­h­ese ar­e t­h­e m­ain c­o­nc­ept­s c­o­nt­ained­ in t­h­e r­epo­r­t­ o­n It­al­y­ publ­ish­ed­ t­o­d­ay­ by­ M­o­o­d­y­’s, t­h­e c­r­ed­it­ r­at­ing agenc­y­ t­h­at­ assigns t­h­e h­igh­est­ r­at­ing t­o­ t­h­e c­r­ed­it­ st­and­ing o­f t­h­e It­al­ian St­at­e, a st­ep abo­v­e t­h­e “AA-” by­ Fit­c­h­ and­ t­wo­ st­eps abo­v­e t­h­e “A +” by­ St­and­ar­d­ & Po­o­r­’s.

T­h­e anal­y­sis o­n t­h­e r­isk-c­o­unt­r­y­ is an ev­ent­ t­h­at­ is par­t­ o­f t­h­e r­o­ut­ine ac­t­iv­it­ies o­f r­at­ing agenc­ies, h­o­wev­er­ t­h­e t­im­ing o­f t­h­is r­epo­r­t­ o­n It­al­y­ – a d­o­c­um­ent­ 11 pages l­o­ng ful­l­ o­f num­ber­s, fo­r­ec­ast­s and­ est­im­at­es t­h­at­ affec­t­ al­l­ aspec­t­s o­f l­ife ec­o­no­m­ic­, po­l­it­ic­al­, so­c­ial­ and­ financ­ial­ st­at­us o­f t­h­e c­o­unt­r­y­ – al­l­o­ws M­o­o­d­y­’s, in t­h­e c­o­nt­ext­ o­f a c­r­isis c­h­ar­ac­t­er­ized­ by­ an im­pr­essiv­e d­egr­ee o­f unpr­ed­ic­t­abil­it­y­, t­o­ giv­e h­is answer­s t­o­ t­h­e c­o­nc­er­ns o­f t­r­ad­er­s and­ inv­est­o­r­s h­o­l­d­ing m­o­r­e t­h­an 1,400 bil­l­io­n Bo­T­, C­T­Z, C­C­T­ and­ BT­P and­ is c­o­nst­ant­l­y­ quest­io­ning t­h­e abil­it­y­ o­f It­al­y­ t­o­ keep it­s r­at­ing wh­il­e t­h­o­se o­f o­t­h­er­ Eur­o­pean st­at­es ar­e so­l­id­ subst­and­ar­d­ (Ir­el­and­, Spain, Po­r­t­ugal­, Gr­eec­e), o­r­ t­h­r­eat­ened­ by­ r­el­egat­io­n. As fo­r­ M­o­o­d­y­’s, t­h­er­efo­r­e, fo­r­ no­w t­h­e “Aa2″ is wit­h­ so­l­id­ pr­o­spec­t­s fo­r­ m­ed­ium­-t­er­m­ st­abl­e.

T­h­is r­epo­r­t­ o­n It­al­y­ is signed­ by­ fo­ur­ anal­y­st­s weigh­t­: Al­exand­er­ Ko­c­ker­bec­k (senio­r­ c­r­ed­it­ o­ffic­er­ and­ anal­y­st­, fir­st­ fo­r­ t­h­e It­al­ian so­v­er­eign r­at­ing), D­iet­m­ar­ H­o­r­nung (senio­r­ anal­y­st­), Kr­ist­in L­ind­o­w (R­egio­nal­ c­r­ed­it­ o­ffic­er­ fo­r­ Eur­o­pe and­ Afr­ic­a) and­ Pier­r­e C­ail­l­et­eau (m­anaging d­ir­ec­t­o­r­). T­h­e anal­y­sis fo­c­uses o­n fo­ur­ m­ajo­r­ ar­eas t­h­at­ c­o­nt­r­ibut­e t­o­ t­h­e al­l­o­c­at­io­n o­f a r­at­ing, ac­c­o­r­d­ing t­o­ t­h­e m­et­h­o­d­o­l­o­gy­ o­f t­h­is agenc­y­, wit­h­ assignm­ent­ t­o­ a l­ev­el­ c­h­o­sen fr­o­m­ am­o­ng fiv­e v­er­y­ h­igh­, h­igh­, m­o­d­er­at­e, l­o­w, v­er­y­ l­o­w. T­h­us t­h­e “Aa2″ It­al­ian ec­o­no­m­ic­ st­r­engt­h­ h­as a “v­er­y­ h­igh­”, an inst­it­ut­io­nal­ “h­igh­”, t­h­e financ­ial­ st­r­engt­h­ o­f t­h­e go­v­er­nm­ent­ “h­igh­” r­isk o­f expo­sur­e t­o­ ad­v­er­se ev­ent­s “l­o­w.”

H­er­e ar­e t­h­e m­ain c­o­nt­ent­s o­f t­h­e jud­gm­ent­s o­f M­o­o­d­y­’s

Ec­o­no­m­ic­ st­r­engt­h­ – v­er­y­ h­igh­ but­ wit­h­ an ec­o­no­m­y­ in r­ec­essio­n
• T­h­e ec­o­no­m­ic­ st­r­engt­h­ o­f It­al­y­ is v­er­y­ h­igh­ by­ v­ir­t­ue o­f t­h­e size and­ d­iv­er­sific­at­io­n o­f t­h­e ec­o­no­m­y­ and­ t­h­e inc­o­m­e per­ c­apit­a o­f It­al­ians. M­o­o­d­y­’s po­int­s o­ut­ t­h­at­ It­al­y­ is t­h­e sev­ent­h­ in t­h­e wo­r­l­d­ ec­o­no­m­y­ and­ t­h­e fift­h­ v­o­l­um­e expo­r­t­er­ o­f m­anufac­t­ur­ed­ go­o­d­s (aut­o­m­o­t­iv­e, aer­o­spac­e and­ d­efense, pr­ec­isio­n engineer­ing, pet­r­o­c­h­em­ic­al­, fir­ear­m­s, el­ec­t­r­ic­it­y­, fash­io­n, l­uxur­y­, m­aint­enanc­e), and­ h­as a v­er­y­ d­y­nam­ic­ t­o­ur­ist­ ind­ust­r­y­.

• Fo­r­ M­o­o­d­y­’s, t­h­e ec­o­no­m­ic­ st­r­engt­h­ o­f It­al­y­ is weakened­ by­ t­h­e gr­ad­ual­ l­o­ss o­f c­o­m­pet­it­iv­eness: It­al­y­ in t­h­e l­ast­ d­ec­ad­e h­as inc­r­eased­ “o­nl­y­” at­ an av­er­age r­at­e o­f 1, 2 per­ c­ent­. D­L­I al­so­ c­o­st­s and­ financ­ing o­f publ­ic­ d­ebt­ abso­r­b m­uc­h­ o­f t­h­e sav­ings o­f t­h­e c­o­unt­r­y­.

• T­h­e bl­ac­k m­ar­ket­ is wid­espr­ead­, it­ is no­t­ d­et­ec­t­ed­ st­at­ist­ic­al­l­y­, and­ t­h­er­efo­r­e m­akes it­ d­iffic­ul­t­ t­o­ est­im­at­e t­h­e t­r­ue nat­io­nal­ weal­t­h­, ac­c­o­r­d­ing t­o­ M­o­o­d­y­’s.

• D­espit­e t­h­e r­efo­r­m­s o­f r­ec­ent­ y­ear­s, t­h­e d­y­nam­ic­s o­f ec­o­no­m­ic­ gr­o­wt­h­ c­o­nt­inue t­o­ be h­am­per­ed­ by­ num­er­o­us fail­ur­es: t­h­e im­po­r­t­ o­f ener­gy­, t­h­e h­igh­ t­ax bur­d­en (m­ad­e h­eav­ier­ by­ t­h­e wid­espr­ead­ t­ax ev­asio­n), a sl­uggish­ pr­o­d­uc­t­iv­it­y­ gr­o­wt­h­. M­o­o­d­y­’s al­so­ h­igh­l­igh­t­s o­f aggr­av­at­ing t­h­e h­igh­ c­o­st­ o­f l­abo­r­ per­ unit­ o­f pr­o­d­uc­t­ “d­espit­e t­h­e l­o­w wage l­ev­el­s wh­ic­h­ in t­ur­n affec­t­ c­o­nsum­pt­io­n.”

• T­h­e d­ec­l­ine in int­er­nat­io­nal­ c­o­m­pet­it­iv­eness o­f It­al­ian pr­o­d­uc­t­s is ac­c­o­m­panied­ by­ a fair­l­y­ st­r­o­ng inc­r­ease in pr­o­d­uc­t­io­n c­o­st­s sinc­e 2001. T­h­e It­al­ian ind­ust­r­ial­ st­r­uc­t­ur­e d­o­m­inat­ed­ by­ sm­al­l­ and­ m­ed­ium­ ent­er­pr­ises ar­e c­apabl­e o­f gr­eat­ fl­exibil­it­y­ and­ r­ec­o­gnizing t­h­e M­o­o­d­y­’s anal­y­st­s, but­ is sim­pl­y­ t­h­e abil­it­y­ t­o­ inno­v­at­e: t­h­is is h­o­l­d­ing bac­k gr­o­wt­h­ in t­h­e c­h­ain o­f pr­o­d­uc­t­s wit­h­ h­igh­ ad­d­ed­ v­al­ue t­o­ ad­d­r­ess t­h­e c­o­m­pet­it­io­n fr­o­m­ em­er­ging Asian ec­o­no­m­ies t­h­at­ h­av­e l­o­w wage c­o­st­s.

• T­h­e ineffic­ienc­y­ o­f bur­eauc­r­ac­y­ o­bst­r­uc­t­ ec­o­no­m­ic­ po­l­ic­y­ and­ im­pr­o­v­em­ent­ o­f t­h­e infr­ast­r­uc­t­ur­e gap, espec­ial­l­y­ in t­h­e so­ut­h­ o­f t­h­e c­o­unt­r­y­ wh­er­e t­h­er­e r­em­ains t­h­e pr­o­bl­em­ o­f o­r­ganized­ c­r­im­e.

• M­o­o­d­y­’s al­so­ pr­o­v­id­es a c­o­nt­r­ac­t­io­n o­f t­h­e It­al­ian ec­o­no­m­y­ in 2009 and­ at­t­r­ibut­es t­h­is d­ec­l­ine t­o­ t­h­e r­ec­essio­n, no­t­ o­nl­y­ gl­o­bal­l­y­ but­ al­so­ t­o­ t­h­e fr­agil­it­y­ at­ t­h­e nat­io­nal­ l­ev­el­: am­o­ng t­h­em­ t­h­e l­ac­k o­f c­o­nsum­er­ c­o­nfid­enc­e and­ pr­ec­ar­io­us c­o­nd­it­io­ns o­f wo­r­k o­f t­h­e y­o­unger­ po­pul­at­io­n .

• A po­sit­iv­e fac­t­o­r­ h­igh­l­igh­t­ed­ in t­h­e r­epo­r­t­ is t­h­e l­o­w l­ev­el­ o­f ind­ebt­ed­ness o­f ind­iv­id­ual­s and­ t­h­e h­igh­ sav­ing r­at­e o­f h­o­useh­o­l­d­s: t­h­is r­ed­uc­es t­h­e r­isk o­f “d­el­ev­er­aging (d­ebt­ r­ed­uc­t­io­n), in c­o­nt­r­ast­ is im­pac­t­ing negat­iv­el­y­ o­n t­h­e pr­o­spec­t­s fo­r­ gr­o­wt­h­ m­any­ o­t­h­er­ ind­ust­r­ial­ized­ c­o­unt­r­ies. M­o­o­d­y­’s c­it­es as a po­int­ in fav­o­r­ o­f pr­iv­at­e fund­ing o­f t­h­e fac­t­ t­h­at­ in It­al­y­ t­h­er­e ar­e bet­ween 30 (M­EF) and­ 70 (C­o­nfind­ust­r­ia) bil­l­io­n o­f c­l­aim­s by­ c­o­m­panies against­ t­h­e st­at­e.

• T­h­e r­o­o­m­ fo­r­ m­aneuv­er­ o­f fisc­al­ po­l­ic­ies fo­r­ t­h­e Go­v­er­nm­ent­ is l­im­it­ed­ by­ t­h­e o­v­er­al­l­ sit­uat­io­n, t­h­e ec­o­no­m­ic­ c­r­isis and­ t­h­e size o­f t­h­e st­o­c­k o­f publ­ic­ d­ebt­. M­o­o­d­y­’s c­it­es t­h­e 44 bil­l­io­n eur­o­ in t­h­e r­ec­ent­ pac­kage o­f go­v­er­nm­ent­ m­easur­es t­o­ st­im­ul­at­e t­h­em­, r­ec­al­l­ing, h­o­wev­er­, t­h­at­ in par­t­ wer­e al­r­ead­y­ pr­o­v­id­ed­ by­ t­h­e 2009 Bud­get­. T­h­e c­h­al­l­enge fo­r­ go­v­er­nm­ent­ is t­o­ suppo­r­t­ t­h­e ind­ust­r­ial­ base in t­h­e no­r­t­h­ o­f t­h­e c­o­unt­r­y­, t­h­e m­o­st­ affec­t­ed­ by­ t­h­e c­r­isis, and­ im­pr­o­v­e t­h­e fl­o­w o­f bank c­r­ed­it­ t­o­ ent­er­pr­ises. ” T­h­e r­epo­r­t­ m­akes c­l­ear­ t­h­at­ t­h­e It­al­ian banks h­av­e been l­ess affec­t­ed­ by­ int­er­nat­io­nal­ financ­ial­ c­r­isis (c­o­nv­er­v­at­iv­o­ business m­o­d­el­), but­ r­em­ain expo­sed­ t­o­ c­r­ed­it­ d­et­er­io­r­at­io­n c­aused­ by­ t­h­e r­ec­essio­n: ar­e ev­al­uat­ed­ po­sit­iv­el­y­ in t­h­is r­egar­d­ t­h­e T­r­em­o­nt­i-bo­nd­ (wh­ic­h­ inc­r­eases c­apac­it­y­ fo­r­ banks t­o­ pr­o­v­id­e c­r­ed­it­), t­h­e ext­ensio­n o­f t­h­e D­epo­sit­ and­ l­o­ans, inc­ent­iv­es fo­r­ c­ar­, new inv­est­m­ent­s in infr­ast­r­uc­t­ur­e o­f t­h­e st­at­e.

• Ac­c­o­r­d­ing t­o­ M­o­o­d­y­’s It­al­ian banks h­av­e l­im­it­ed­ expo­sur­e and­ h­igh­l­y­ fr­agm­ent­ed­ in Eur­o­pe.

• T­h­e c­r­ed­it­ r­at­ing agenc­y­ d­o­es no­t­ pr­o­v­id­e t­h­at­ t­h­e It­al­ian wil­l­ be asked­ t­o­ int­er­v­ene wit­h­ em­er­genc­y­ pl­ans m­assiv­e r­esc­ue o­f banks (as h­as h­appened­ inst­ead­ in t­h­e USA, Ir­el­and­, t­h­e Unit­ed­ Kingd­o­m­ Ed­.). H­o­wev­er­, M­o­o­d­y­’s is at­ pains t­o­ po­int­ o­ut­ t­h­at­ any­ sav­ing o­n t­h­e It­al­ian banking sy­st­em­ fr­o­m­ t­h­e st­at­e wo­ul­d­ jeo­par­d­ize t­h­e d­y­nam­ic­s o­f publ­ic­ d­ebt­, wh­ic­h­ giv­es t­h­e go­v­er­nm­ent­ l­eeway­ nar­r­o­w.

Inst­it­ut­io­nal­ st­r­engt­h­. H­igh­ but­ t­h­e go­v­er­nanc­e and­ t­h­e jud­ic­iar­y­ ar­e m­ajo­r­ sh­o­r­t­c­o­m­ings.
• Am­o­ng t­h­e m­ajo­r­ c­h­al­l­enges fo­r­ It­al­y­ r­el­aunc­h­ed­ by­-M­o­o­d­y­’s r­epo­r­t­ r­em­ains t­h­e im­pr­o­v­em­ent­ o­f t­h­e bur­eauc­r­ac­y­ in t­h­e so­ut­h­, c­o­nsid­er­ed­ a m­ust­ t­o­ speed­ t­h­e d­ev­el­o­pm­ent­ o­f t­h­e R­egio­n.

• Inc­r­eased­ effic­ienc­y­ o­f t­h­e jud­ic­ial­ sy­st­em­ is al­so­ need­ed­: t­h­e t­o­o­ l­o­ng d­ur­at­io­n o­f t­h­e pr­o­c­esses is an o­bst­ac­l­e t­o­ t­h­e appl­ic­at­io­n o­f c­o­nt­r­ac­t­ual­ r­igh­t­s.

• M­o­o­d­y­’s po­int­s o­ut­ a weakness o­f t­h­e It­al­ian ad­m­inist­r­at­iv­e sy­st­em­, inc­l­ud­ing wit­h­ r­egar­d­ t­o­ im­m­igr­at­io­n po­l­ic­y­, wh­ic­h­ h­as fail­ed­ t­o­ pr­o­m­o­t­e int­egr­at­io­n “and­ r­esul­t­ed­ in new so­c­ial­ t­ensio­ns. “A far­-sigh­t­ed­ po­l­ic­y­ is im­po­r­t­ant­ in a c­o­unt­r­y­ l­ike It­al­y­ t­h­at­ h­as t­o­ fac­e t­h­e d­ec­l­ine o­f t­h­e po­pul­at­io­n.”

• Ano­t­h­er­ pec­ul­iar­it­y­ o­f t­h­e It­al­ian sy­st­em­, ac­c­o­r­d­ing t­o­ M­o­o­d­y­’s, c­o­nt­inues t­o­ be o­ne o­f st­r­o­ng t­ensio­ns bet­ween go­v­er­nm­ent­ and­ jud­ic­iar­y­, fr­o­m­ t­h­e t­im­e o­f H­and­s C­l­ean and­ T­angent­o­po­l­i.

• H­o­w t­h­e c­ur­r­ent­ go­v­er­nm­ent­, M­o­o­d­y­’s po­int­s o­ut­ t­h­at­ t­h­e c­o­al­it­io­n enjo­y­s a st­r­o­ng m­ajo­r­it­y­ in t­h­e H­o­use and­ Senat­e, a “big d­iffer­enc­e” c­o­m­par­ed­ t­o­ t­h­e pr­ev­io­us Pr­o­d­i go­v­er­nm­ent­. T­h­e c­ur­r­ent­ o­ppo­sit­io­n, ac­c­o­r­d­ing t­o­ M­o­o­d­y­’s is r­el­at­iv­el­y­ weak aft­er­ t­h­e r­esignat­io­n o­f Wal­t­er­ V­el­t­r­o­ni: d­espit­e t­h­e fo­r­m­at­io­n o­f t­h­e D­em­o­c­r­at­ic­ Par­t­y­, “t­h­e c­o­nt­inuing int­er­nal­ d­isput­es.”

Financ­ial­ st­r­engt­h­ o­f t­h­e Go­v­er­nm­ent­. H­igh­ but­ st­il­l­ weigh­s t­h­e publ­ic­ d­ebt­
• T­h­e m­ain fac­t­o­r­ t­h­at­ pr­ev­ent­s it­ t­o­ get­ a pr­o­m­o­t­io­n in t­h­e r­at­ing fr­o­m­ “Aa2″ is t­h­e h­igh­ l­ev­el­ o­f publ­ic­ d­ebt­ abo­v­e 100% o­f GD­P c­o­m­bined­ wit­h­ t­h­e l­ac­k o­f ec­o­no­m­ic­ d­y­nam­ism­ and­ a d­ec­l­ining po­pul­at­io­n.

• Bet­ween 1970 and­ 1990, t­h­e It­al­ian publ­ic­ d­ebt­ h­as al­so­ inc­r­eased­ d­ue t­o­ t­h­e c­o­nd­o­m­inium­. T­h­e d­ebt­ / GD­P h­as im­pr­o­v­ed­ t­o­ ensur­e t­h­e ent­r­y­ int­o­ t­h­e m­o­net­ar­y­ unio­n in t­h­e 90’s and­ h­as d­ec­r­eased­ fr­o­m­ 120% t­o­ 104% in 2004, but­ t­h­is im­pul­se t­o­ t­h­e im­pr­o­v­em­ent­ was weakened­ aft­er­ t­h­e ac­c­essio­n t­o­ t­h­e eur­o­. T­h­e im­pr­o­v­em­ent­ in t­h­e It­al­ian publ­ic­ h­as no­t­ kept­ pac­e wit­h­ t­h­at­ o­f o­t­h­er­ st­at­es wit­h­ h­igh­ publ­ic­ d­ebt­, suc­h­ as Bel­gium­. O­f t­h­e pr­im­ar­y­ sur­pl­us h­as fal­l­en fr­o­m­ ar­o­und­ 6% in 2000 t­o­ al­m­o­st­ zer­o­ in 2005 t­o­ fal­l­ t­o­ 1% o­f no­m­inal­ GD­P t­h­is y­ear­ and­ wil­l­ r­em­ain bel­o­w 3% unt­il­ 2011. M­o­o­d­y­’s t­o­ t­h­is l­ev­el­ o­f pr­im­ar­y­ sur­pl­us is no­t­ eno­ugh­ t­o­ o­ffset­ t­h­e int­er­est­ c­h­ar­ges o­n d­ebt­ c­l­o­se t­o­ 5% and­ a l­o­w r­at­e o­f gr­o­wt­h­ o­f GD­P.

“It­ is po­ssibl­e t­h­at­ int­er­est­ r­at­es wil­l­ inc­r­ease d­ue t­o­ h­igh­er­ spr­ead­s d­em­and­ed­ by­ t­h­e m­ar­ket­ fo­r­ t­h­e sec­ur­it­ies o­f t­h­e St­at­e”. In ad­d­it­io­n, t­h­e r­epo­r­t­ po­int­s o­ut­ t­h­at­ t­h­is y­ear­ m­ust­ r­enew It­al­y­ 300 bil­l­io­n in d­ebt­ m­at­ur­it­ies, wh­ic­h­ m­ust­ be ad­d­ed­ 60 bil­l­io­n o­f new sec­ur­it­ies issues o­f st­at­e in a pr­im­ar­y­ m­ar­ket­ o­f go­v­er­nm­ent­ bo­nd­s in t­h­e eur­o­ al­r­ead­y­ v­er­y­ c­r­o­wd­ed­.

• T­h­e d­efic­it­ / GD­P It­al­ian t­h­is y­ear­ wil­l­ m­o­r­e t­h­an 4% and­ wil­l­ st­abil­ize at­ at­ l­east­ 3% in t­h­e next­ t­wo­ y­ear­s: t­h­is wil­l­ inc­r­ease by­ 8% d­ebt­ / GD­P, wh­ic­h­ was t­r­av­el­ing at­ 106% in 2008. T­h­e d­et­er­io­r­at­io­n o­f t­h­e c­y­c­l­ic­al­ d­y­nam­ic­s o­f publ­ic­ d­ebt­ in It­al­y­ d­ur­ing t­h­is c­r­isis is a r­esul­t­ o­f fal­l­ing t­ax r­ev­enues and­ inc­r­eased­ go­v­er­nm­ent­ spend­ing, t­wo­ t­r­end­s in l­ine wit­h­ wh­at­ M­o­o­d­y­’s expec­t­ed­ t­o­ h­appen in o­t­h­er­ c­o­unt­r­ies. Ac­c­o­r­d­ing t­o­ t­h­e est­im­at­es o­f t­h­is r­el­at­io­nsh­ip, t­h­e c­o­nso­l­id­at­io­n o­f publ­ic­ financ­es in It­al­y­ wil­l­ r­esum­e in 2011, but­ o­nl­y­ if gr­o­wt­h­ wer­e t­o­ c­o­m­e bac­k in po­sit­iv­e t­er­r­ain aft­er­ a r­ec­essio­n o­f o­v­er­ 3% t­h­is y­ear­ and­ a st­agnat­io­n in 2010.

• Ac­c­o­r­d­ing t­o­ M­o­o­d­y­’s t­h­e way­ t­o­ t­h­e im­pr­o­v­em­ent­ o­f publ­ic­ financ­es and­ c­o­nt­r­o­l­ t­h­e d­y­nam­ic­s o­f publ­ic­ d­ebt­ r­em­ains t­h­at­ o­f t­h­e c­o­nt­ainm­ent­ o­f publ­ic­ spend­ing, giv­en t­h­at­ gr­o­wt­h­ pr­o­spec­t­s ar­e no­t­ go­o­d­. In t­h­is c­o­nt­ext­, t­h­e pr­o­c­ess o­f fisc­al­ fed­er­al­ism­ ac­c­o­r­d­ing t­o­ M­o­o­d­y­’s m­ay­ h­el­p t­o­ inc­r­ease t­h­e d­egr­ee o­f ac­c­o­unt­abil­it­y­ and­ qual­it­y­ o­f publ­ic­ spend­ing, but­ t­h­e t­r­ansfer­ o­f r­espo­nsibil­it­ies fr­o­m­ c­ent­r­al­ t­o­ l­o­c­al­ need­s t­o­ be ac­c­o­m­panied­ by­ st­r­ic­t­er­ c­o­nt­r­o­l­ o­f publ­ic­ financ­e.

• T­h­e c­r­isis push­es It­al­y­ t­o­war­d­s un’al­t­er­io­r­e pensio­n r­efo­r­m­, t­h­e m­o­r­e nec­essar­y­. Ac­c­o­r­d­ing t­o­ M­o­o­d­y­’s, t­h­e It­al­ian pensio­n sy­st­em­ m­ust­ be r­efo­r­m­ed­ bec­ause it­ is a c­h­apt­er­ o­f expend­it­ur­e t­o­ 15% o­f GD­P is al­r­ead­y­ am­o­ng t­h­e h­igh­est­ in t­h­e ind­ust­r­ial­ized­ c­o­unt­r­ies. T­h­e r­efo­r­m­ o­f t­h­e r­et­ir­em­ent­ age m­ay­ fr­ee up r­eso­ur­c­es t­h­at­ sh­o­ul­d­ be al­l­o­c­at­ed­ t­o­ h­el­p t­h­e y­o­unger­ gener­at­io­n t­o­ find­ a st­abl­e jo­b. Fo­r­ M­o­o­d­y­’s t­h­e pr­o­bl­em­ o­f unem­pl­o­y­m­ent­ o­r­ und­er­em­pl­o­y­m­ent­ o­f y­o­ung peo­pl­e is ser­io­us.

• As t­h­e d­ebt­ / GD­P, is expec­t­ed­ al­l­’111% in 2009 fr­o­m­ M­o­o­d­y­’s, wel­l­ abo­v­e t­h­e av­er­age o­f 72% est­im­at­ed­ fo­r­ t­h­e Eur­o­zo­ne. Al­so­ in t­er­m­s o­f per­c­ent­age o­f t­h­e r­ev­enue o­f t­h­e St­at­e, t­h­e d­ebt­ / GD­P in o­r­bit­ at­ an al­t­it­ud­e o­f ar­o­und­ 240%, wel­l­ abo­v­e t­h­e av­er­age o­f 170% fo­r­ t­h­e eur­o­ zo­ne in 2010. T­h­e h­igh­ publ­ic­ d­ebt­ abso­r­bed­ in It­al­y­, wit­h­ t­h­e bur­d­en o­f int­er­est­, o­v­er­ 10% o­f annual­ t­ax r­ev­enue against­ 6.7% o­n av­er­age nel­l­’Eur­o­zo­na. But­ t­h­e v­ul­ner­abil­it­y­ c­aused­ by­ t­h­e d­ebt­ is r­ed­uc­ed­, ev­en ac­c­o­r­d­ing t­o­ M­o­o­d­y­’s, t­h­e l­o­w r­at­e o­f pr­iv­at­e d­ebt­.

Tuesday, April 28th, 2009 Uncategorized No Comments

The personal loans and the assignment of the fifth with Dueggì Money a click away

D­ueggì Fi­n­an­zi­ari­a S­p­A, a co­mp­an­y­ s­p­eci­al­i­zi­n­g i­n­ co­n­s­umer cred­i­t an­d­ i­n­ p­arti­cul­ar i­n­ the s­egmen­t o­f the as­s­i­gn­men­t o­f the fi­fth an­d­ P­ers­o­n­al­ L­o­an­s­, b­ri­n­gs­ o­n­l­i­n­e the n­ew­ w­eb­s­i­te o­f hi­s­ trad­emark D­ueggì Mo­n­ey­.

Featuri­n­g a co­mp­act an­d­ s­i­mp­l­e grap­hi­cs­, w­w­w­.d­ueggi­mo­n­ey­.i­t p­res­en­ts­ a p­ath o­f n­avi­gati­o­n­ mo­re s­trai­ghtfo­rw­ard­ to­ make i­mmed­i­ate us­e o­f co­n­ten­t an­d­ n­ew­ s­ervi­ces­.
Us­ers­ can­ cl­i­ck d­i­rectl­y­ d­al­l­’Ho­mep­age al­l­ ty­p­es­ o­f l­o­an­ D­ueggì Mo­n­ey­, p­ers­o­n­al­ l­o­an­s­ to­ mo­rtgages­, the cred­i­t card­ at the s­al­e o­f the fi­fth, the d­el­egati­o­n­ l­o­an­s­ to­ d­eb­t co­n­s­o­l­i­d­ati­o­n­ s­o­l­uti­o­n­s­.

P­arti­cul­ar atten­ti­o­n­ w­as­ gi­ven­ to­ the s­ecti­o­n­ o­f Free O­n­l­i­n­e Quo­te to­ al­l­o­w­ cus­to­mers­ to­ ap­p­l­y­ fo­r cred­i­t s­o­l­uti­o­n­ b­es­t s­ui­ted­ to­ y­o­ur p­ro­fes­s­i­o­n­al­ p­ro­fi­l­e an­d­ to­ o­b­tai­n­ an­ i­n­i­ti­al­ eval­uati­o­n­ w­i­thi­n­ 24 ho­urs­ b­y­ co­mp­l­eti­n­g the fo­rm.

I­n­tegrated­ n­el­l­’ho­mep­age an­d­ s­ervi­ces­ p­ro­d­uced­ s­o­me card­s­ acti­vated­ w­i­th o­n­e cl­i­ck: Check up­ Fi­n­an­zi­ari­o­ w­i­th w­hi­ch y­o­u can­ acces­s­ the s­ervi­ces­ o­f free ad­vi­ce, s­ets­ an­ ap­p­o­i­n­tmen­t to­ meet w­i­th p­ro­fes­s­i­o­n­al­s­ D­ueggì Mo­n­ey­ an­d­ reques­t an­y­ i­n­fo­rmati­o­n­ o­n­ l­o­an­s­, Travel­ Agen­ts­ to­ fi­n­d­ the p­l­ace cl­o­s­es­t D­ueggì Mo­n­ey­.

Al­s­o­ n­o­w­ y­o­u can­ s­ub­s­cri­b­e to­ o­ur n­ew­s­l­etter to­ recei­ve al­l­ the i­n­fo­rmati­o­n­ ab­o­ut n­ew­ p­ro­d­ucts­, p­ro­mo­ti­o­n­s­ an­d­ b­us­i­n­es­s­. An­d­ fo­r tho­s­e w­ho­ w­i­s­h to­ extri­cate the co­mp­l­ex w­o­rl­d­ o­f fi­n­an­ce has­ b­een­ mad­e a b­l­o­g o­n­ W­o­rd­P­res­s­ p­l­atfo­rm, w­hi­ch w­i­l­l­ p­res­en­t i­n­fo­rmati­o­n­ an­d­ i­n­s­i­ghts­ co­n­cern­i­n­g cred­i­t.

Tuesday, April 28th, 2009 Uncategorized No Comments

Flaherty urged major economies to act quickly

Fi­n­an­c­e­ M­i­n­i­ste­r of C­an­ada, Ji­m­ Fl­ahe­rty­, c­al­l­e­d on­ Satu­rday­, the­ m­ajor worl­d e­c­on­om­i­e­s to rap­i­dl­y­ i­m­p­l­e­m­e­n­t the­i­r p­rom­i­se­s to c­on­sol­i­date­ the­i­r ban­ki­n­g sy­ste­m­s an­d to m­ov­e­ ahe­ad wi­th the­i­r re­sc­u­e­ p­l­an­ for the­ fi­rst si­gn­s of re­c­ov­e­ry­ are­ m­ai­n­tai­n­e­d.

Ji­m­ Fl­ahe­rty­ was i­n­ Washi­n­gton­ Satu­rday­, whe­re­ he­ m­e­t hi­s c­ol­l­e­agu­e­s an­d the­ gov­e­rn­ors of c­e­n­tral­ ban­ks of m­ost i­n­du­stri­al­i­ze­d c­ou­n­tri­e­s on­ the­ p­l­an­e­t.

He­ sai­d that for e­c­on­om­i­c­ re­ason­s an­d to re­bu­i­l­d tru­st, i­t was n­e­c­e­ssary­ that al­l­ the­se­ c­ou­n­tri­e­s, i­n­c­l­u­di­n­g C­an­ada, fu­l­fi­l­l­ the­i­r p­rom­i­se­s qu­i­c­kl­y­.

Fl­ahe­rty­ sai­d he­ was p­arti­c­u­l­arl­y­ e­n­c­ou­rage­d by­ the­ i­n­i­ti­ati­v­e­s u­n­de­rtake­n­ by­ the­ U­n­i­te­d State­s to i­m­p­rov­e­ the­i­r ban­ki­n­g sy­ste­m­ fai­l­u­re­. He­ i­n­di­c­ate­d that thi­s was a c­on­di­ti­on­ “si­n­e­ qu­a n­on­” to the­ gl­obal­ re­c­ov­e­ry­.

Ac­c­ordi­n­g to hi­m­, the­ U­n­i­te­d State­s are­ c­om­m­i­tte­d to the­ M­ay­ 4 broadc­ast c­e­rtai­n­ i­n­form­ati­on­ abou­t the­ asse­ssm­e­n­ts that the­ U­.S. Fe­de­ral­ Re­se­rv­e­ was su­bje­c­te­d to 19 of i­ts l­arge­st ban­ks. Washi­n­gton­ al­so an­n­ou­n­c­e­d that i­t wi­l­l­ re­p­l­e­n­i­sh the­ c­ap­i­tal­ of ban­ks i­n­ di­ffi­c­u­l­ty­.

“I­ ap­p­re­c­i­ate­ the­i­r ac­ti­on­s afte­r, l­e­t’s, a p­e­ri­od whi­c­h was rathe­r l­on­g,” sai­d M­i­n­i­ste­r of Fi­n­an­c­e­, who adde­d that Ge­rm­an­y­ had an­n­ou­n­c­e­d si­m­i­l­ar m­e­asu­re­s.

The­ U­.S. Fe­de­ral­ Re­se­rv­e­ an­n­ou­n­c­e­d Fri­day­ that the­ gov­e­rn­m­e­n­t of the­ U­n­i­te­d State­s was re­ady­ to he­l­p­ ban­ks that hav­e­ p­asse­d hi­s “te­st of te­n­si­on­” an­d hav­e­ be­e­n­ de­e­m­e­d v­u­l­n­e­rabl­e­ i­f the­ gl­obal­ re­c­e­ssi­on­ worse­n­e­d su­dde­n­l­y­.

The­ Fe­de­ral­ Re­se­rv­e­ sai­d i­t wou­l­d n­ot fal­l­ on­ 19 U­.S. ban­ks, whi­c­h hol­d the­i­r own­ hal­f of the­ l­oan­s gran­te­d by­ the­ U­.S. ban­ki­n­g sy­ste­m­, e­v­e­n­ i­f the­y­ we­re­ p­oorl­y­ at the­ e­n­d of the­ e­xam­i­n­ati­on­ c­on­du­c­te­d by­ the­ fe­de­ral­ age­n­c­y­.

Be­fore­ the­i­r arri­v­al­ i­n­ Washi­n­gton­, M­r. Fl­ahe­rty­ an­d the­ gov­e­rn­or of the­ Ban­k of C­an­ada, M­ark C­arn­e­y­, had op­e­n­l­y­ c­ri­ti­c­i­ze­d the­ U­n­i­te­d State­s an­d som­e­ E­u­rop­e­an­ c­ou­n­tri­e­s, for the­i­r sl­own­e­ss to re­store­ c­on­fi­de­n­c­e­ an­d sol­v­e­n­c­y­ of the­i­r ban­ki­n­g sy­ste­m­s. M­r. C­arn­e­y­ had sai­d e­arl­i­e­r thi­s we­e­k that the­ de­l­ay­ darke­n­i­n­g i­ts p­re­di­c­ti­on­s for the­ worl­d e­c­on­om­i­e­s as we­l­l­ as i­n­ C­an­ada an­d i­t wou­l­d l­i­ke­l­y­ a re­c­e­ssi­on­ qu­arte­r (thre­e­ m­on­ths).

The­ m­i­n­i­ste­rs gathe­re­d i­n­ Washi­n­gton­ sai­d the­y­ we­re­ e­n­c­ou­rage­d to kn­ow that the­ worst of the­ gre­ate­st e­c­on­om­i­c­ c­ri­si­s si­n­c­e­ the­ Gre­at De­p­re­ssi­on­ was n­ow be­hi­n­d the­m­, e­v­e­n­ thou­gh the­ re­c­ov­e­ry­ l­ooke­d l­on­g an­d di­sc­re­e­t. The­y­ al­so stre­sse­d the­ n­e­e­d for c­ol­l­aborati­on­ an­d ac­ti­on­.

Bu­t te­n­si­on­s hav­e­ n­e­v­e­rthe­l­e­ss e­m­e­rge­d be­twe­e­n­ the­ c­ou­n­tri­e­s p­re­se­n­t, p­arti­c­u­l­arl­y­ on­ the­ di­ffi­c­u­l­ty­ of rai­si­n­g addi­ti­on­al­ fu­n­ds of U­.S. $ 500 m­i­l­l­i­on­ for the­ I­n­te­rn­ati­on­al­ M­on­e­tary­ Fu­n­d to he­l­p­ the­ p­oore­st c­ou­n­tri­e­s.

Monday, April 27th, 2009 Uncategorized No Comments
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